Biological Science Institute, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, 74690-900, Brazil.
Biotechnology, Institute of Tropical Pathology and Public Health, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, 74605-050, Brazil.
Med Mycol. 2021 Oct 4;59(10):958-969. doi: 10.1093/mmy/myab020.
Biofilms are important virulence factor in infections caused by microorganisms because of its complex structure, which provide resistance to conventional antimicrobials. Strategies involving the use of molecules capable of inhibiting their formation and also act synergistically with conventional drugs have been explored. Farnesol is a molecule present in essential oils and produced by Candida albicans as a quorum sensing component. This sesquiterpene presents inhibitory properties in the formation of microbial biofilms and synergism with antimicrobials used in clinical practice, and can be exploited even for eradication of biofilms formed by drug-resistant microorganisms. Despite this, farnesol has physical and chemical characteristics that can limit its use, such as high hydrophobicity and volatility. Therefore, nanotechnology may represent an option to improve the efficiency of this molecule in high complex environments such as biofilms. Nanostructured systems present important results in the improvement of treatment with different commercial drugs and molecules with therapeutic or preventive potential. The formation of nanoparticles offers advantages such as protection of the incorporated drugs against degradation, improved biodistribution and residence time in specific treatment sites. The combination of farnesol with nanotechnology may be promising for the development of more effective antibiofilm therapies, as it can improve its solubility, reduce volatility, and increase bioavailability. This review summarizes existing data about farnesol, its action on biofilms, and discusses its encapsulation in nanostructured systems.
Farnesol is a natural compound that inhibits the formation of biofilms from different microbial species. The encapsulation of this molecule in nanoparticles is a promising alternative for the development of more effective therapies against biofilms.
生物膜是微生物引起感染的重要毒力因子，因为其结构复杂，能抵抗常规抗菌药物。人们已经探索了涉及使用能抑制其形成并与常规药物协同作用的分子的策略。法尼醇是一种存在于精油中的分子，也是白色念珠菌作为群体感应成分产生的。这种倍半萜烯具有抑制微生物生物膜形成的特性，并与临床实践中使用的抗菌药物协同作用，甚至可以用于根除耐药微生物形成的生物膜。尽管如此，法尼醇具有物理和化学特性，可能会限制其使用，例如高疏水性和挥发性。因此，纳米技术可能是提高这种分子在高复杂环境（如生物膜）中效率的一种选择。纳米结构系统在提高不同商业药物和具有治疗或预防潜力的分子的治疗效果方面取得了重要成果。纳米粒子的形成具有保护掺入药物免受降解、改善生物分布和在特定治疗部位停留时间等优点。将法尼醇与纳米技术结合可能是开发更有效的抗生物膜疗法的有希望的方法，因为它可以提高其溶解度、降低挥发性并增加生物利用度。这篇综述总结了关于法尼醇的现有数据，它对生物膜的作用，并讨论了它在纳米结构系统中的封装。
法尼醇是一种天然化合物，能抑制不同微生物物种生物膜的形成。将这种分子封装在纳米粒子中是开发更有效的抗生物膜疗法的有希望的方法。
