McGill Craniofacial Tissue Engineering and Stem Cells Laboratory, Faculty of Dentistry, McGill University, Montreal, H3A 0G4, Canada.
Department of Oral Pathology, Faculty of Dentistry, Mansoura University, Mansoura, 35516, Egypt.
Curr Med Sci. 2021 Apr;41(2):250-269. doi: 10.1007/s11596-021-2341-2. Epub 2021 Apr 20.
Tumorigenicity-inhibiting compounds have been identified in our daily diet. For example, isothiocyanates (ITCs) found in cruciferous vegetables were reported to have potent cancer-prevention activities. The best characterized ITC is sulforaphane (SF). SF can simultaneously modulate multiple cellular targets involved in carcinogenesis, including (1) modulating carcinogen-metabolizing enzymes and blocking the action of mutagens; (2) inhibition of cell proliferation and induction of apoptosis; and (3) inhibition of neo-angiogenesis and metastasis. SF targets cancer stem cells through modulation of nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB), Sonic hedgehog (SHH), epithelial-mesenchymal transition, and Wnt/β-catenin pathways. Conventional chemotherapy/SF combination was tested in several studies and resulted in favorable outcomes. With its favorable toxicological profile, SF is a promising agent in cancer prevention and/or therapy. In this article, we discuss the human metabolism of SF and its effects on cancer prevention, treatment, and targeting cancer stem cells, as well as providing a brief review of recent human clinical trials on SF.
在我们的日常饮食中已经发现了具有抑瘤作用的化合物。例如，十字花科蔬菜中发现的异硫氰酸酯（ITC）被报道具有很强的防癌活性。研究最充分的 ITC 是萝卜硫素（SF）。SF 可以同时调节参与癌变的多个细胞靶标，包括：（1）调节致癌物代谢酶并阻断诱变剂的作用；（2）抑制细胞增殖并诱导细胞凋亡；（3）抑制新生血管生成和转移。SF 通过调节核因子 kappa B（NF-κB）、Sonic Hedgehog（SHH）、上皮-间充质转化和 Wnt/β-catenin 途径来靶向肿瘤干细胞。在几项研究中已经测试了常规化疗/SF 联合治疗，结果令人满意。SF 具有良好的毒理学特性，是癌症预防和/或治疗的有前途的药物。在本文中，我们讨论了 SF 在人体内的代谢及其对癌症预防、治疗和靶向肿瘤干细胞的作用，并简要回顾了 SF 的最新人体临床试验。
