Department of Health Management, Policy & Economics, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Department of Global Health & Public Policy, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Arch Iran Med. 2021 Mar 1;24(3):260-272. doi: 10.34172/aim.2021.37.
Since December 2019, the world has been facing one of the most critical health threats of the last decades. In March 2021, the official number of deaths passed 2.6 million worldwide. Most countries have developed policies to control the disease. Nevertheless, countries have experienced different outcomes related to their various adapted policies. Complementing our first report, in this article, we report our findings of comparing the policies adopted to combat coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in Iran, with those from nine selected countries, including China, Japan, South Korea, Singapore, Germany, the United States, the United Kingdom, Spain, and Italy, to draw evidence-informed policy lessons.
This is a qualitative study conducted based on document analysis related to COVID-19 policies in Iran and nine selected countries. Using a deductive approach, data were extracted and analyzed based on the components of the WHO Building Blocks Framework. Finally, we compared the Iranian policies with the nine selected countries.
Documents analysis revealed a spectrum of policies, which have led to a variety of outcomes. Based on our findings, three main strategies (widespread testing, comprehensive contact tracing, and timely measures) were the most effective directions to combat COVID-19.
The experience of the first and second waves of COVID-19 showed that the risk of coronavirus is serious and will continue until a vaccine or decisive treatment is achieved. Therefore, countries are required to adopt appropriate and tailored policies to deal with this crisis effectively. Applying the experiences from the previous waves is essential for more efficient performance in the likely upcoming waves.
自 2019 年 12 月以来，世界面临着过去几十年来最严重的健康威胁之一。2021 年 3 月，全球官方死亡人数超过 260 万。大多数国家都制定了控制疾病的政策。然而，各国因各自适应的政策而经历了不同的结果。在我们的第一份报告的基础上，在本文中，我们报告了我们的发现，即比较伊朗与九个选定国家（包括中国、日本、韩国、新加坡、德国、美国、英国、西班牙和意大利）为抗击 2019 年冠状病毒病（COVID-19）而采取的政策，以吸取循证政策经验。
这是一项基于与伊朗和九个选定国家 COVID-19 政策相关的文件分析的定性研究。使用演绎方法，根据世界卫生组织构建模块框架的组成部分提取和分析数据。最后，我们将伊朗的政策与九个选定国家进行了比较。
文件分析显示了一系列政策，这些政策导致了各种结果。根据我们的发现，广泛检测、全面接触者追踪和及时措施这三种主要策略是抗击 COVID-19 的最有效方向。
COVID-19 第一波和第二波的经验表明，冠状病毒的风险是严重的，并且将持续到疫苗或决定性治疗出现。因此，各国需要采取适当和量身定制的政策来有效应对这一危机。借鉴前几波的经验对于即将到来的波次中更有效的表现至关重要。
