Johanson G, Boman A, Dynésius B
National Institute of Occupational Health, Solna, Sweden.
Scand J Work Environ Health. 1988 Apr;14(2):101-9. doi: 10.5271/sjweh.1947.
The percutaneous absorption of the commonly used glycol ether 2-butoxyethanol (ethylene glycol monobutyl ether) was investigated in 12 exposure experiments with five men. The subject kept two or four fingers immersed in neat butoxyethanol for 2 h. Arterialized capillary blood samples were collected from the other hand before, during, and up to 4 h after the exposure and analyzed for butoxyethanol by gas chromatography. Urine was collected for 24 h and analyzed for the metabolite butoxyacetic acid, also by gas chromatography. The presence of butoxyethanol in blood and of butoxyacetic acid in urine confirmed that butoxyethanol enters the systemic circulation in man in vivo during dermal exposure. Percutaneous uptake rates were calculated from measured blood levels of butoxyethanol with the use of kinetic parameters (clearance and volume of distribution) obtained in earlier experiments with the same subjects. The uptake rates ranged from 7 to 96 nmol.min-1.cm-2. The results indicate that persons exposing large portions of their skin to butoxyethanol are at risk of absorbing acutely toxic doses.
在针对五名男性进行的12次暴露实验中，对常用的二醇醚2-丁氧基乙醇（乙二醇单丁醚）的经皮吸收情况进行了研究。受试者将两根或四根手指浸入纯丁氧基乙醇中2小时。在暴露前、暴露期间以及暴露后长达4小时，从另一只手采集动脉化毛细血管血样，并通过气相色谱法分析其中的丁氧基乙醇。收集24小时尿液，并同样通过气相色谱法分析其中的代谢物丁氧基乙酸。血液中丁氧基乙醇的存在以及尿液中丁氧基乙酸的存在证实，在皮肤暴露期间，丁氧基乙醇在人体内进入体循环。利用在早期针对相同受试者进行的实验中获得的动力学参数（清除率和分布容积），根据测得的血液中丁氧基乙醇水平计算经皮摄取率。摄取率范围为7至96纳摩尔·分钟-1·平方厘米。结果表明，皮肤大面积暴露于丁氧基乙醇的人有吸收急性中毒剂量的风险。
