Yu Qikun, Ren Kewei, You Mingxu
Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, USA.
Nanoscale. 2021 May 6;13(17):7988-8003. doi: 10.1039/d0nr08301a.
Nucleic acid-based nanodevices have been widely used in the fields of biosensing and nanomedicine. Traditionally, the majority of these nanodevices were first constructed in vitro using synthetic DNA or RNA oligonucleotides and then delivered into cells. Nowadays, the emergence of genetically encoded RNA nanodevices has provided a promising alternative approach for intracellular analysis and regulation. These genetically encoded RNA-based nanodevices can be directly transcribed and continuously produced inside living cells. A variety of highly precise and programmable nanodevices have been constructed in this way during the last decade. In this review, we will summarize the recent advances in the design and function of these artificial genetically encoded RNA nanodevices. In particular, we will focus on their applications in regulating cellular gene expression, imaging, logic operation, structural biology, and optogenetics. We believe these versatile RNA-based nanodevices will be broadly used in the near future to probe and program cells and other biological systems.
基于核酸的纳米器件已广泛应用于生物传感和纳米医学领域。传统上，这些纳米器件大多首先在体外使用合成DNA或RNA寡核苷酸构建，然后递送至细胞内。如今，基因编码RNA纳米器件的出现为细胞内分析和调控提供了一种有前景的替代方法。这些基于基因编码RNA的纳米器件可以在活细胞内直接转录并持续产生。在过去十年中，通过这种方式构建了各种高度精确且可编程的纳米器件。在本综述中，我们将总结这些人工基因编码RNA纳米器件在设计和功能方面的最新进展。特别地，我们将重点关注它们在调控细胞基因表达、成像、逻辑运算、结构生物学和光遗传学中的应用。我们相信，这些多功能的基于RNA的纳米器件在不久的将来将被广泛用于探测和编程细胞及其他生物系统。
