Berger Jessica, Zaidi Munfarid, Halferty Irene, Kudchadkar Sapna R
Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD.
Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD.
Chest. 2021 Sep;160(3):1064-1074. doi: 10.1016/j.chest.2021.04.024. Epub 2021 Apr 22.
Acute illness and hospitalization introduce several risk factors for sleep disruption in children that can negatively affect recovery and healing and potentially compromise long-term cognition and executive function. The hospital setting is not optimized for pediatric sleep promotion, and many of the pharmacologic interventions intended to promote sleep in the hospital actually may have deleterious effects on sleep quality and quantity. To date, evidence to support pharmacologic sleep promotion in the pediatric inpatient setting is sparse. Therefore, nonpharmacologic interventions to optimize sleep-wake patterns are of highest yield in a vulnerable population of patients undergoing active neurocognitive development. In this review, we briefly examine what is known about healthy sleep in children and describe risk factors for sleep disturbances, available sleep measurement tools, and potential interventions for sleep promotion in the pediatric inpatient setting.
急性疾病和住院会给儿童睡眠中断带来多种风险因素，这些因素会对康复和愈合产生负面影响，并可能损害长期认知和执行功能。医院环境并非为促进儿科睡眠而优化，许多旨在促进医院睡眠的药物干预实际上可能对睡眠质量和数量产生有害影响。迄今为止，支持儿科住院患者药物促眠的证据很少。因此，在处于积极神经认知发育阶段的脆弱患者群体中，优化睡眠-觉醒模式的非药物干预措施效果最佳。在本综述中，我们简要探讨了关于儿童健康睡眠的已知情况，并描述了睡眠障碍的风险因素、可用的睡眠测量工具以及儿科住院环境中促进睡眠的潜在干预措施。
