Department of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, International Hellenic University, Thessaloniki, Greece.
PhD School, "Iuliu Hatieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
Front Immunol. 2021 Apr 7;12:661806. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.661806. eCollection 2021.
Breastfeeding not only provides the optimum source of nutrients for the neonate and its first strong shield against infection but also lays the foundation for somatic and psychological bonding between the mother and child. During the current COVID-19 pandemic, although the guidelines of the relevant international and national agencies recommend breastfeeding by SARS-CoV-2-infected mothers, considerable insecurity persists in daily clinical practice regarding the safety of the infants and the perceived advantages and disadvantages of discontinuation of breastfeeding. This is a systematic review of the currently available information regarding the transmissibility of SARS-CoV-2 through or while breastfeeding and the protection against infection that breast milk might provide. The accumulated body of knowledge regarding the role of breast milk in the development of the neonatal immune system and protection against infection by other respiratory viruses is discussed, with a focus on the anti-inflammatory role of the antibodies, microbes, and viruses provided to the infant in breast milk and its relevance to the case of SARS-CoV-2.
母乳喂养不仅为新生儿提供了最佳的营养来源，也是其抵御感染的第一道有力屏障，还为母婴之间的身体和心理联系奠定了基础。在当前的 COVID-19 大流行期间，尽管相关国际和国家机构的指南建议由感染 SARS-CoV-2 的母亲进行母乳喂养，但在日常临床实践中，婴儿的安全性以及中断母乳喂养的潜在利弊仍存在相当大的不确定性。这是对目前关于 SARS-CoV-2 通过或在母乳喂养过程中传播的可及信息以及母乳可能提供的抗感染保护的系统评价。本文讨论了母乳在新生儿免疫系统发育和预防其他呼吸道病毒感染中的作用方面的现有知识体系，重点介绍了母乳中提供给婴儿的抗体、微生物和病毒的抗炎作用及其与 SARS-CoV-2 病例的相关性。
