Economic and Business Department, Business Organization Area, Faculty of Economics, Business and Tourism, Inseras Research Group, University of Alcala, Plaza de la Victoria s/n - 28001Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain.
Universidad de los Llanos y Escuela Superior de Administración Pública-kilómetro 12 Vía a Puerto López, Vda. Barcelona, Villavicencio, Meta, Colombia.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2021 Sep;28(35):48070-48079. doi: 10.1007/s11356-021-13945-z. Epub 2021 Apr 26.
This work uses parametric and semiparametric panel data analysis methodologies to test the hypothesis of the environmental Kuznets curve, in 186 countries in the period 1960-2019. The main results reveal the acceptance of this hypothesis in the relationships of CO2 emissions (kt) and economic growth (GDP) and urbanization (% population) in the parametric models. Using semiparametric methods, the polynomial relations of fourth degree between CO2 emissions and GDP and of third degree between it and urbanization are verified. The economic policy implications derived from these results seem to indicate the need to continue making efforts in the reduction of CO2 emissions, through greater efforts in innovation and research and development, in search of clean and less polluting energies. The relationship between CO2 and economic growth is a major challenge, in terms of achieving a flattening of this relationship.
本研究使用参数和半参数面板数据分析方法，检验了 1960-2019 年间 186 个国家的环境库兹涅茨曲线假说。主要结果表明，在参数模型中，CO2 排放（kt）与经济增长（GDP）和城市化（%人口）之间的关系接受了这一假说。使用半参数方法，验证了 CO2 排放与 GDP 之间的四次多项式关系和与城市化之间的三次多项式关系。这些结果带来的经济政策影响似乎表明，需要通过加大创新和研发投入，以寻找清洁和污染较少的能源，继续努力减少 CO2 排放。在实现这一关系趋平方面，CO2 与经济增长之间的关系是一个主要挑战。
