State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau SAR, China.
State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Medical School & School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China.
J Mater Chem B. 2021 May 5;9(17):3608-3621. doi: 10.1039/d1tb00107h.
Macrophages play a critical role in regulating immune reactions induced by implanted biomaterials. They are highly plastic and in response to diverse stimuli in the microenvironment can exhibit a spectrum of phenotypes and functions. In addition to biochemical signals, the physical properties of biomaterials are becoming increasingly appreciated for their significant impact on macrophage behaviour, and the underlying mechanisms deserve more in-depth investigations. This review first summarises the effects of key physical cues - including stiffness, topography, physical confinement and applied force - on macrophage behaviour. Then, it reviews the current knowledge of cellular sensing and transduction of physical cues into intracellular signals. Finally, it discusses the major challenges in understanding mechanical regulation that could provide insights for biomaterial design.
巨噬细胞在调节植入生物材料引起的免疫反应中起着关键作用。它们具有高度的可塑性，并且可以响应微环境中的各种刺激，表现出一系列表型和功能。除了生化信号外，生物材料的物理性质因其对巨噬细胞行为的显著影响而受到越来越多的关注，其潜在机制值得更深入的研究。本综述首先总结了关键物理线索（包括刚度、形貌、物理约束和作用力）对巨噬细胞行为的影响。然后，它回顾了细胞对物理线索的感应和转导为细胞内信号的现有知识。最后，它讨论了理解机械调节的主要挑战，这可能为生物材料设计提供新的见解。
