Division of Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys, National Center for Health Statistics, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Hyattsville, Maryland, USA.
United States Public Health Service, Rockville, Maryland, USA.
Am J Hypertens. 2022 Jan 5;35(1):31-41. doi: 10.1093/ajh/hpab067.
To examine the associations between urbanization and hypertension, stage II hypertension, and hypertension control.
Data on 16,360 US adults aged 18 years or older from the 2013-2018 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) were used to estimate the prevalence of hypertension (blood pressure (BP) ≥130/80 mm Hg or use of medication for hypertension), stage II hypertension (BP ≥140/90 mm Hg), and hypertension control (BP <130/80 mm Hg among hypertensives) by urbanization, classified by levels of metropolitan statistical areas as large MSAs (population ≥1,000,000), medium to small MSAs (population 50,000-999,999), and non-MSAs (population <50,000).
All prevalence ratios (PRs) were compared with large MSAs and adjusted for demographics and risk factors. The PRs of hypertension were 1.07 (95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.99-1.14) for adults residing in medium to small MSAs and 1.06 (95% CI = 0.99-1.13) for adults residing in non-MSAs. For stage II hypertension, the PRs were higher for adults residing in medium to small MSAs 1.21 (95% CI = 1.06-1.36) but not for adults residing in non-MSAs 1.06 (95% CI = 0.88-1.29). For hypertension control, the PRs were 0.96 (95% CI = 0.91-1.01) for adults residing in medium to small MSAs and 1.00 (95% CI = 0.93-1.06) for adults residing in non-MSAs.
Among US adults, urbanization was associated with stage II hypertension.
本研究旨在探讨城市化与高血压、二级高血压和高血压控制之间的关系。
本研究使用了 2013-2018 年美国国家健康和营养调查（NHANES）中 16360 名年龄在 18 岁及以上的美国成年人的数据，根据大都市统计区的水平，将城市化分为大型大都市统计区（人口≥100 万）、中/小型大都市统计区（人口 50 万-999999 人）和非大都市统计区（人口<50 万），来估计高血压（血压（BP）≥130/80mmHg 或使用高血压药物）、二级高血压（BP≥140/90mmHg）和高血压控制（高血压患者的 BP<130/80mmHg）的患病率。
所有患病率比值（PRs）均与大型大都市统计区进行比较，并根据人口统计学和危险因素进行了调整。与居住在大型大都市统计区的成年人相比，居住在中/小型大都市统计区的成年人高血压的 PR 为 1.07（95%置信区间（CI）=0.99-1.14），居住在非大都市统计区的成年人的 PR 为 1.06（95% CI=0.99-1.13）。对于二级高血压，居住在中/小型大都市统计区的成年人的 PR 更高，为 1.21（95% CI=1.06-1.36），而居住在非大都市统计区的成年人的 PR 为 1.06（95% CI=0.88-1.29）。对于高血压控制，居住在中/小型大都市统计区的成年人的 PR 为 0.96（95% CI=0.91-1.01），居住在非大都市统计区的成年人的 PR 为 1.00（95% CI=0.93-1.06）。
在美国成年人中，城市化与二级高血压有关。
