美国成年人高血压患病率及高血压控制的城市化差异，2013-2018 年。
Differences in Hypertension Prevalence and Hypertension Control by Urbanization Among Adults in the United States, 2013-2018.
机构信息
Division of Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys, National Center for Health Statistics, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Hyattsville, Maryland, USA.
United States Public Health Service, Rockville, Maryland, USA.
出版信息
Am J Hypertens. 2022 Jan 5;35(1):31-41. doi: 10.1093/ajh/hpab067.
BACKGROUND
To examine the associations between urbanization and hypertension, stage II hypertension, and hypertension control.
METHODS
Data on 16,360 US adults aged 18 years or older from the 2013-2018 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) were used to estimate the prevalence of hypertension (blood pressure (BP) ≥130/80 mm Hg or use of medication for hypertension), stage II hypertension (BP ≥140/90 mm Hg), and hypertension control (BP <130/80 mm Hg among hypertensives) by urbanization, classified by levels of metropolitan statistical areas as large MSAs (population ≥1,000,000), medium to small MSAs (population 50,000-999,999), and non-MSAs (population <50,000).
RESULTS
All prevalence ratios (PRs) were compared with large MSAs and adjusted for demographics and risk factors. The PRs of hypertension were 1.07 (95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.99-1.14) for adults residing in medium to small MSAs and 1.06 (95% CI = 0.99-1.13) for adults residing in non-MSAs. For stage II hypertension, the PRs were higher for adults residing in medium to small MSAs 1.21 (95% CI = 1.06-1.36) but not for adults residing in non-MSAs 1.06 (95% CI = 0.88-1.29). For hypertension control, the PRs were 0.96 (95% CI = 0.91-1.01) for adults residing in medium to small MSAs and 1.00 (95% CI = 0.93-1.06) for adults residing in non-MSAs.
CONCLUSIONS
Among US adults, urbanization was associated with stage II hypertension.
背景
本研究旨在探讨城市化与高血压、二级高血压和高血压控制之间的关系。
方法
本研究使用了 2013-2018 年美国国家健康和营养调查（NHANES）中 16360 名年龄在 18 岁及以上的美国成年人的数据，根据大都市统计区的水平，将城市化分为大型大都市统计区（人口≥100 万）、中/小型大都市统计区（人口 50 万-999999 人）和非大都市统计区（人口<50 万），来估计高血压（血压（BP）≥130/80mmHg 或使用高血压药物）、二级高血压（BP≥140/90mmHg）和高血压控制（高血压患者的 BP<130/80mmHg）的患病率。
结果
所有患病率比值（PRs）均与大型大都市统计区进行比较，并根据人口统计学和危险因素进行了调整。与居住在大型大都市统计区的成年人相比，居住在中/小型大都市统计区的成年人高血压的 PR 为 1.07（95%置信区间（CI）=0.99-1.14），居住在非大都市统计区的成年人的 PR 为 1.06（95% CI=0.99-1.13）。对于二级高血压，居住在中/小型大都市统计区的成年人的 PR 更高，为 1.21（95% CI=1.06-1.36），而居住在非大都市统计区的成年人的 PR 为 1.06（95% CI=0.88-1.29）。对于高血压控制，居住在中/小型大都市统计区的成年人的 PR 为 0.96（95% CI=0.91-1.01），居住在非大都市统计区的成年人的 PR 为 1.00（95% CI=0.93-1.06）。
结论
在美国成年人中，城市化与二级高血压有关。
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