Institute of Biochemistry & Biology, University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany.
Instituto Universitario de Xeoloxía, Universidade da Coruña, A Coruña, Spain.
PLoS One. 2021 Apr 28;16(4):e0249537. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0249537. eCollection 2021.
Domestic cattle were brought to Spain by early settlers and agricultural societies. Due to missing Neolithic sites in the Spanish region of Galicia, very little is known about this process in this region. We sampled 18 cattle subfossils from different ages and different mountain caves in Galicia, of which 11 were subject to sequencing of the mitochondrial genome and phylogenetic analysis, to provide insight into the introduction of cattle to this region. We detected high similarity between samples from different time periods and were able to compare the time frame of the first domesticated cattle in Galicia to data from the connecting region of Cantabria to show a plausible connection between the Neolithization of these two regions. Our data shows a close relationship of the early domesticated cattle of Galicia and modern cow breeds and gives a general insight into cattle phylogeny. We conclude that settlers migrated to this region of Spain from Europe and introduced common European breeds to Galicia.
家牛由早期移民和农业社会带到西班牙。由于西班牙加利西亚地区缺少新石器时代遗址，因此对该地区的这一过程知之甚少。我们从加利西亚不同年代和不同山区洞穴中采集了 18 头亚化石牛，其中 11 头进行了线粒体基因组测序和系统发育分析，以深入了解牛在该地区的引入情况。我们发现不同时期的样本之间具有很高的相似度，并能够将加利西亚地区最早驯化的牛的时间框架与坎塔布里亚连接地区的数据进行比较，从而显示出这两个地区新石器时代化之间存在合理的联系。我们的数据表明，加利西亚早期驯化的牛与现代奶牛品种密切相关，并对牛的系统发育有了一般的了解。我们的结论是，移民从欧洲迁移到西班牙的这一地区，并将常见的欧洲品种引入加利西亚。
