Kang Hyo Shin, Kim Bin-Na
Department of Psychology, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea.
Department of Psychology, Gachon University, Seongnam, Republic of Korea.
Psychiatry Investig. 2021 May;18(5):392-399. doi: 10.30773/pi.2020.0455. Epub 2021 Apr 29.
Research on psychological distress from the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) crisis has increased significantly, but the factors that can exacerbate or mitigate such distress have remained underexplored. To address the research gap, this study examined whether two types of rumination and perceived social support predict psychological distress during the pandemic.
Participants were recruited from communities of the greater Daegu area (n=316) where the first massive outbreak in South Korea occurred and most residents underwent substantial disruption of daily life. They completed self-report questionnaires that included measures of psychological distress, event-related rumination, and social support.
The hierarchical regression analysis showed that maladaptive intrusive rumination and perceived social support predicted increases and decreases in psychological distress, respectively, even when subjective severity of COVID-19-related experiences was controlled. Putatively adaptive type of rumination (i.e., deliberate rumination) was not a significant predictor concurrently.
This is among the early endeavors to comprehensively understand risk and protective factors associated with an effective coping strategy against the COVID-19 crisis. Our results indicate that intrusive rumination aggravates but social support mitigates psychological distress during the pandemic, indicating that we can better adapt by differently attending to recent experiences and maintaining perceived social support.
关于2019年冠状病毒病（COVID-19）危机导致的心理困扰的研究显著增加，但对可能加剧或减轻此类困扰的因素仍未充分探索。为填补这一研究空白，本研究调查了两种反刍思维类型和感知到的社会支持是否能预测疫情期间的心理困扰。
参与者从韩国大邱地区的社区招募（n = 316），韩国首次大规模疫情爆发就发生在该地区，大多数居民的日常生活受到了严重干扰。他们完成了自我报告问卷，其中包括心理困扰、与事件相关的反刍思维和社会支持的测量。
分层回归分析表明，即使在控制了与COVID-19相关经历的主观严重程度后，适应不良的侵入性反刍思维和感知到的社会支持分别预测了心理困扰的增加和减少。假定适应性的反刍思维类型（即刻意反刍）同时并不是一个显著的预测因素。
这是早期全面了解与有效应对COVID-19危机策略相关的风险和保护因素的努力之一。我们的结果表明，侵入性反刍思维会加剧疫情期间的心理困扰，但社会支持会减轻这种困扰，这表明我们可以通过以不同方式关注近期经历并维持感知到的社会支持来更好地适应。
