Ismail Ikmal Hisham, Al-Bayaty Fouad Hussain, Yusof Eleena Mohd, Gulam Khan Hasnah Begum Said, Hamka Farah Aminah, Azmi Nur Amirah
Centre for Comprehensive Care Studies UiTM, Faculty of Dentistry, Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM), Selangor, Malaysia.
Centre for Periodontology Studies UiTM, Faculty of Dentistry, Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM), Selangor, Malaysia.
J Conserv Dent. 2020 Sep-Oct;23(5):489-496. doi: 10.4103/JCD.JCD_528_20. Epub 2021 Feb 10.
can be found in failed endodontic treatment (FET) even after performing primary endodontic treatment (PET). Calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH)) cannot fully eliminate this microorganism during PET. Brazilian green propolis (bee glue) was found to be more effective against when compared to Ca(OH). A much less studied Malaysian geopropolis (MP) as well as (AV) is antibacterial but is unknown against .
The objective of this study is to determine the antimicrobial effects of MP, AV, and MP + AV in comparison with Ca(OH) against , as an intracanal medicament.
Antimicrobial activity of MP, AV, MP + AV, Ca(OH), and dimethyl sulfoxide was tested against using antimicrobial sensitivity testing, minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC). The results were analyzed by Kruskal-Wallis test with Mann-Whitney test and repeated measures analysis of variance with Bonferroni test ( < 0.05).
For agar well-diffusion method, MP + AV gave maximum inhibition zone diameter (mean: 8.11 ± 0.015 mm), MP (mean: 6.21 ± 0.046 mm, Ca(OH) (mean: 5.5 ± 0.006), and AV (mean: 5.05 ± 0.012) with < 0.05. MIC for MP + AV was 2 mg/ml, MP at 8 mg/ml, Ca(OH) at 8 mg/ml, and AV at 16 mg/ml. The MBC for MP + AV is at 4 mg/ml, MP at 16 mg/ml, Ca(OH) at 16 mg/ml, and AV at 32 mg/ml.
The combination of MP and AV consistently showed better antimicrobial activity compared to MP and AV alone against . The findings suggest that MP and AV used in combination may be an ideal intracanal medicament in FET and PET.
即使进行了初次根管治疗（PET），在失败的根管治疗（FET）中仍可发现[某种微生物]。氢氧化钙（Ca(OH)₂）在PET期间无法完全消除这种微生物。与Ca(OH)₂相比，巴西绿蜂胶（蜂胶）对[该微生物]更有效。研究较少的马来西亚地蜂胶（MP）以及[某种物质]（AV）具有抗菌作用，但对[该微生物]的抗菌效果未知。
本研究的目的是确定MP、AV以及MP + AV与Ca(OH)₂相比作为根管内药物对[该微生物]的抗菌效果。
使用抗菌敏感性测试、最低抑菌浓度（MIC）和最低杀菌浓度（MBC）测试MP、AV、MP + AV、Ca(OH)₂和二甲基亚砜对[该微生物]的抗菌活性。结果通过Kruskal-Wallis检验和Mann-Whitney U检验以及重复测量方差分析和Bonferroni检验进行分析（P < 0.05）。
对于琼脂扩散法，MP + AV的抑菌圈直径最大（平均值：8.11 ± 0.015毫米），MP（平均值：6.21 ± 0.046毫米），Ca(OH)₂（平均值：5.5 ± 0.006），AV（平均值：5.05 ± 0.012），P < 0.05。MP + AV的MIC为2毫克/毫升，MP为8毫克/毫升，Ca(OH)₂为8毫克/毫升，AV为16毫克/毫升。MP + AV的MBC为4毫克/毫升，MP为16毫克/毫升，Ca(OH)₂为16毫克/毫升，AV为32毫克/毫升。
与单独的MP和AV相比，MP和AV的组合对[该微生物]始终显示出更好的抗菌活性。研究结果表明，MP和AV联合使用可能是FET和PET中理想的根管内药物。
