Turbatmath Ketaki, Sharma Sonali
Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India.
J Conserv Dent Endod. 2025 Jul;28(7):607-612. doi: 10.4103/JCDE.JCDE_162_24. Epub 2025 Jul 2.
Pulp capping is a viable treatment option for management of deep carious lesions in pulp preservation with reduced remaining thickness of dentin. Traditionally, calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH)) and currently contemporary bioceramic pulp capping agents have been well researched in the dental domain and evidenced varying but promising success rates. However, there is a growing interest in exploring indigenous, innovative, alternative natural products derived from apiarian sources, which possess characteristics and properties which can potentiate predictable treatment outcome including antimicrobial properties. Hence, this study aims to compare the efficacy of indigenously developed apiarian products like royal jelly (RJ) with contemporary pulp capping agents in eradicating Streptococcus mutans biofilm, a predominant cariogenic microorganism.
RJ was prepared at 4% concentration by dissolving 4 g of pure RJ in 100 mL dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO). Ca(OH) was prepared by mixing 2 g of Dycal (Dentsply) in 100 mL of sterile water. Chlorhexidine (CHX) was used as a 2% gel formulation (Gluco-Chex, Cerkamed). DMSO was used as a solvent to ensure proper dispersion. Agar diffusion results: RJ (97.89%), CHX (72.95%), and Ca(OH) (78.19%). Biofilm assay: RJ (97.89%), CHX (72.95%), and Ca(OH) (78.19%). Evaluation of the antimicrobial activity was conducted with various tests such as zone of inhibition and biofilm viability assay. Data collection was done and statistical analysis was done using G*Power ( < 0.05).
Agar diffusion: RJ showed the highest antimicrobial effect (97.89%), followed by CHX (72.95%) and Ca(OH) (78.19%). Biofilm assay: 4% RJ exhibited the highest inhibition (97.89%), outperforming CHX (72.95%) and Ca(OH) (78.19%).
The findings of this comparative evaluation support the potential of the innovation of indigenously developed apiarian pulp capping agent as an effective antimicrobial agent against cariogenic biofilm. Further research is warranted to explore the optimal inhibitory concentration against dental biofilm and further evaluate their long-term clinical efficacy of this indigenous innovation and safety in dental practice as a pulp capping agent.
盖髓术是一种可行的治疗方法，用于处理牙本质剩余厚度减小的深龋病变以保存牙髓。传统上，氢氧化钙（Ca(OH)₂）以及目前的当代生物陶瓷盖髓剂在牙科领域已得到充分研究，且成功率各不相同但前景可观。然而，人们对探索源自养蜂来源的本土创新替代天然产品的兴趣与日俱增，这些产品具有能够增强可预测治疗效果的特性，包括抗菌特性。因此，本研究旨在比较本土开发的蜂产品如蜂王浆（RJ）与当代盖髓剂在根除变形链球菌生物膜方面的效果，变形链球菌是主要的致龋微生物。
将4克纯RJ溶解于100毫升二甲基亚砜（DMSO）中制备4%浓度的RJ。将2克Dycal（登士柏）与100毫升无菌水混合制备Ca(OH)₂。洗必泰（CHX）用作2%凝胶制剂（Gluco-Chex，Cerkamed）。使用DMSO作为溶剂以确保充分分散。琼脂扩散结果：RJ（97.89%）、CHX（72.95%）和Ca(OH)₂（78.19%）。生物膜测定：RJ（97.89%）、CHX（72.95%）和Ca(OH)₂（78.19%）。通过抑菌圈和生物膜活力测定等各种测试评估抗菌活性。进行数据收集并使用G*Power进行统计分析（<0.05）。
琼脂扩散：RJ显示出最高的抗菌效果（97.89%），其次是CHX（72.95%）和Ca(OH)₂（78.19%）。生物膜测定：4%的RJ表现出最高的抑制率（97.89%），优于CHX（72.95%）和Ca(OH)₂（78.19%）。
这项比较评估的结果支持了本土开发的蜂源盖髓剂作为一种针对致龋生物膜的有效抗菌剂的创新潜力。有必要进一步研究以探索针对牙生物膜的最佳抑制浓度，并进一步评估这种本土创新作为盖髓剂在牙科实践中的长期临床疗效和安全性。
