Faculty of Environmental Engineering, The University of Kitakyushu, Kitakyushu 808-0135, Japan.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021 Apr 3;18(7):3745. doi: 10.3390/ijerph18073745.
In China, research on winter heating and energy saving for residential buildings mainly focuses on urban residences rather than rural ones. According to the 2018 China Building Energy Consumption Research Report, rural residential buildings emit about 423 million tons of carbon, accounting for 21% of the country's total carbon emissions. According to the research on China's greenhouse gas inventory, the main sources of carbon emissions in rural areas are from cooking and the burning of fuelwood and biomass for heating in winter. In this study, the southern Shaanxi area, which is hot in summer and cold in winter, was selected as the research site, and a fire wall system was planned that combines cooking and heating facilities in residential buildings. The system uses the heat generated by cooking and the heat storage capacity of the wall, as well as the principle of thermal radiation and heat convection, to increase the indoor temperature. The advantage is that the hot air generated is mainly concentrated in the inside of the wall, which reduces the direct contact with the cold outdoor air and avoids excess heat loss. In this study, in addition to considering the influence of the cooking fire wall system on the indoor temperature, the difference in the outer wall with or without solar thermal radiation was also considered. The research results show that the use of a cooking fire wall heating system reduces the annual heat load of the building to 440.8318 KW·h, which is a reduction rate of 7.91%. When there is solar radiation on the outer wall, the annual thermal load of the building is reduced by 1104.723 kW·h, and the reduction rate is 19.84%.
在中国，住宅建筑冬季供暖和节能的研究主要集中在城市住宅，而不是农村住宅。根据 2018 年中国建筑能耗研究报告，农村住宅排放约 4.23 亿吨碳，占全国碳排放总量的 21%。根据中国温室气体排放清单研究，农村地区碳排放的主要来源是烹饪以及冬季取暖用的薪柴和生物质燃料燃烧。在这项研究中，选择了夏季炎热、冬季寒冷的陕南地区作为研究地点，并规划了一种将住宅建筑中的烹饪和供暖设施结合起来的防火墙系统。该系统利用烹饪产生的热量和墙壁的储热能力，以及热辐射和热对流原理，提高室内温度。其优点是产生的热空气主要集中在墙壁内部，减少了与寒冷室外空气的直接接触，避免了过多的热量损失。在这项研究中，除了考虑烹饪防火墙系统对室内温度的影响外，还考虑了外墙是否有太阳热辐射的差异。研究结果表明，使用烹饪防火墙供暖系统可将建筑物的年热负荷降低到 440.8318 KW·h，降低率为 7.91%。当外墙有太阳辐射时，建筑物的年热负荷可降低 1104.723kW·h，降低率为 19.84%。
