Laswi Ibrahim, Shafiq Ameena, Al-Ali Dana, Burney Zain, Pillai Krishnadev, Salameh Mohammad, Mhaimeed Nada, Zakaria Dalia, Chaari Ali, Yousri Noha A, Bendriss Ghizlane
Premedical Education Department, Weill Cornell Medicine Qatar, Doha 24144, Qatar.
Research Department, Weill Cornell Medicine Qatar, Doha 24144, Qatar.
Microorganisms. 2021 Apr 2;9(4):741. doi: 10.3390/microorganisms9040741.
Gastrointestinal disorders (GIDs) are a common comorbidity in patients with neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs), while anxiety-like behaviors are common among patients with gastrointestinal diseases. It is still unclear as to which microbes differentiate these two groups. This pilot study aims at proposing an answer by exploring both the bacteriome and the mycobiome in a cohort of 55 volunteers with NDD, GID or controls, while accounting for additional variables that are not commonly included such as probiotic intake and diet. Recruited participants answered a questionnaire and provided a stool sample using the Fisherbrand collection kit. Bacterial and fungal DNA was extracted using the Qiagen Stool minikit. Sequencing (16sRNA and ITS) and phylogenetic analyses were performed using the PE300 Illumina Miseq v3 sequencing. Statistical analysis was performed using the R package. Results showed a significant decrease in bacterial alpha diversity in both NDD and GID, but an increased fungal alpha diversity in NDD. Data pointed at a significant bacterial dysbiosis between the three groups, but the mycobiome dysbiosis is more pronounced in NDD than in GID. Fungi seem to be more affected by probiotics, diet and antibiotic exposure and are proposed to be the main key player in differentiation between NDD and GID dybiosis.
胃肠道疾病（GIDs）是神经发育障碍（NDDs）患者中常见的共病，而焦虑样行为在胃肠道疾病患者中也很常见。目前尚不清楚哪些微生物能区分这两组人群。这项初步研究旨在通过探索55名患有NDD、GID或作为对照的志愿者队列中的细菌群落和真菌群落来给出答案，同时考虑益生菌摄入和饮食等通常未纳入的其他变量。招募的参与者填写了一份问卷，并使用Fisherbrand采集试剂盒提供了粪便样本。使用Qiagen粪便微量试剂盒提取细菌和真菌DNA。使用PE300 Illumina Miseq v3测序进行测序（16sRNA和ITS）和系统发育分析。使用R软件包进行统计分析。结果显示，NDD和GID患者的细菌α多样性均显著降低，但NDD患者的真菌α多样性增加。数据表明三组之间存在显著的细菌生态失调，但NDD患者的真菌群落失调比GID患者更明显。真菌似乎更容易受到益生菌、饮食和抗生素暴露的影响，并被认为是NDD和GID生态失调差异的主要关键因素。
