Pathologies, Imagerie et Biothérapies Orofaciales, Université de Paris, URP2496, 1 rue Maurice Arnoux, 92120 Montrouge, France.
AP-HP Département d'Odontologie, Services d'odontologie, GH Pitié Salpêtrière, Henri Mondor, Paris Nord, Hôpital Rothschild, Paris, France.
Cells. 2021 Apr 17;10(4):932. doi: 10.3390/cells10040932.
Bone is a hard-vascularized tissue, which renews itself continuously to adapt to the mechanical and metabolic demands of the body. The craniofacial area is prone to trauma and pathologies that often result in large bone damage, these leading to both aesthetic and functional complications for patients. The "gold standard" for treating these large defects is autologous bone grafting, which has some drawbacks including the requirement for a second surgical site with quantity of bone limitations, pain and other surgical complications. Indeed, tissue engineering combining a biomaterial with the appropriate cells and molecules of interest would allow a new therapeutic approach to treat large bone defects while avoiding complications associated with a second surgical site. This review first outlines the current knowledge of bone remodeling and the different signaling pathways involved seeking to improve our understanding of the roles of each to be able to stimulate or inhibit them. Secondly, it highlights the interesting characteristics of one growth factor in particular, FGF-2, and its role in bone homeostasis, before then analyzing its potential usefulness in craniofacial bone tissue engineering because of its proliferative, pro-angiogenic and pro-osteogenic effects depending on its spatial-temporal use, dose and mode of administration.
骨骼是一种坚硬的血管组织，它不断更新自身以适应身体的机械和代谢需求。颅面区域容易受到创伤和疾病的影响，这些疾病常常导致大量的骨骼损伤，从而给患者带来美观和功能上的并发症。治疗这些大的骨缺损的“金标准”是自体骨移植，但它存在一些缺点，包括需要第二个手术部位，且存在数量限制、疼痛和其他手术并发症等问题。事实上，将生物材料与合适的细胞和感兴趣的分子结合起来的组织工程技术，将为治疗大的骨缺损提供一种新的治疗方法，同时避免与第二个手术部位相关的并发症。这篇综述首先概述了目前对骨骼重塑的认识，以及涉及的不同信号通路，旨在提高我们对每个通路的作用的理解，以便能够刺激或抑制它们。其次，它突出了一种特别的生长因子 FGF-2 的有趣特性及其在骨稳态中的作用，然后分析了它在颅面骨组织工程中的潜在用途，因为它具有增殖、促血管生成和促成骨作用，具体取决于其时空应用、剂量和给药方式。
