纳米颗粒作为 RNAi 在癌症治疗中的药物传递系统。

School of Pharmacy and Bioengineering, Chongqing University of Technology, Chongqing 400054, China.

School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China.

Molecules. 2021 Apr 19;26(8):2380. doi: 10.3390/molecules26082380.

RNA interference (RNAi) can mediate gene-silencing by knocking down the expression of a target gene via cellular machinery with much higher efficiency in contrast to other antisense-based approaches which represents an emerging therapeutic strategy for combating cancer. Distinct characters of nanoparticles, such as distinctive size, are fundamental for the efficient delivery of RNAi therapeutics, allowing for higher targeting and safety. In this review, we present the mechanism of RNAi and briefly describe the hurdles and concerns of RNAi as a cancer treatment approach in systemic delivery. Furthermore, the current nanovectors for effective tumor delivery of RNAi therapeutics are classified, and the characteristics of different nanocarriers are summarized.

RNA 干扰 (RNAi) 可通过细胞机制下调靶基因的表达，从而实现基因沉默，与其他反义方法相比，其效率要高得多，这代表了一种对抗癌症的新兴治疗策略。纳米粒子的独特特性，如独特的大小，对于 RNAi 治疗药物的高效传递至关重要，这使得靶向性更高、安全性更好。在这篇综述中，我们介绍了 RNAi 的机制，并简要描述了 RNAi 作为一种系统递药的癌症治疗方法的障碍和关注点。此外，我们对有效递送至肿瘤的 RNAi 治疗用的纳米载体进行了分类，并对不同纳米载体的特点进行了总结。