Dansou Dieudonné M, Wang Hao, Nugroho Ramdhan D, He Weizhao, Zhao Qingyu, Zhang Junmin
State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China.
Scientific Observing and Experiment Station of Animal Genetic Resources and Nutrition in North China of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China.
Animals (Basel). 2021 Apr 16;11(4):1138. doi: 10.3390/ani11041138.
In this study, we evaluated the impact of moderate and high dose dietary supplementation of astaxanthin on production performance, quality of eggs, and health status of laying hens. The experiment involved 480 laying hens, divided into four groups of eight replicates. The different groups named A1, A2, A3, and A4 were allocated the same diet supplemented with powder to provide 0, 21.3, 42.6, and 213.4 mg of astaxanthin per kilogram of feed, respectively. One-way ANOVA and linear and quadratic regression analysis were used to assess the differences between the groups. The results showed that the production performance of laying hens and the physical quality of eggs did not significantly differ between the groups ( > 0.05). Astaxanthin distribution in tissues was typical per bird, whereas the egg yolk coloration and astaxanthin concentration increased with the supplementation dose ( < 0.001). However, there was a decrease in concentration and coloration efficacy of astaxanthin at high dose supplementation (213.4 mg/kg) compared to moderate doses (21.3 and 42.6 mg/kg). Blood biochemical tests showed some discrepancies that were not ascribed to the effect of diets, and the increase in liver weight in the A4 group compared to others was equated with an adaptation of laying hens to the high dose supplementation. Astaxanthin improved superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activities and diminished malondialdehyde (MDA) content in both liver and serum; meanwhile, the activities of SOD and GSH-Px in serum were similar between the moderate doses and high dose supplementation. Additionally, astaxanthin alleviated interleukin 2, 4, and 6 (IL-2, IL-4, and IL-6, respectively) in serum, showing the best effect in A3 and A4 groups. Besides, immunoglobulin G and M (IgG and IgM), as well as tumor necrosis factor-alpha and beta (TNF-α and TNF-β), were not much affected. It was concluded that although astaxanthin has no obvious adverse effect on the performance and health status of laying hens, it may not be valuable for egg fortification and health status improvement of laying hens at high dose supplementation. The high dose astaxanthin supplementation up to 213.4 mg/kg in the diet might be avoided.
在本研究中，我们评估了日粮中添加中高剂量虾青素对蛋鸡生产性能、蛋品质及健康状况的影响。试验涉及480只蛋鸡，分为四组，每组八个重复。分别命名为A1、A2、A3和A4的不同组被投喂相同的日粮，并分别添加虾青素粉，以使每千克饲料中虾青素含量分别达到0、21.3、42.6和213.4毫克。采用单因素方差分析以及线性和二次回归分析来评估各组之间的差异。结果表明，各组蛋鸡的生产性能和蛋的物理品质差异不显著（P>0.05）。每只鸡组织中的虾青素分布具有典型性，而蛋黄颜色和虾青素浓度随添加剂量的增加而增加（P<0.001）。然而，与中剂量（21.3和42.6毫克/千克）相比，高剂量添加（213.4毫克/千克）时虾青素的浓度和着色效果有所下降。血液生化检测显示出一些差异，这些差异并非归因于日粮的影响，与其他组相比，A4组肝脏重量增加被认为是蛋鸡对高剂量添加的一种适应。虾青素提高了肝脏和血清中超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（GSH-Px）的活性，并降低了丙二醛（MDA）含量；同时，中剂量和高剂量添加时血清中SOD和GSH-Px的活性相似。此外，虾青素减轻了血清中白细胞介素2、4和6（分别为IL-2、IL-4和IL-6）的含量，在A3和A4组中效果最佳。此外，免疫球蛋白G和M（IgG和IgM）以及肿瘤坏死因子-α和-β（TNF-α和TNF-β）受影响不大。研究得出结论，虽然虾青素对蛋鸡的生产性能和健康状况没有明显的不良影响，但在高剂量添加时，它可能对蛋鸡的鸡蛋强化和健康状况改善没有价值。日粮中高达213.4毫克/千克的高剂量虾青素添加可能应予以避免。
