Militky Jiri, Novak Ondrej, Kremenakova Dana, Wiener Jakub, Venkataraman Mohanapriya, Zhu Guocheng, Yao Juming, Aneja Arun
Department of Material Engineering, Faculty of Textile, Technical University of Liberec, 46117 Liberec, Czech Republic.
Department of Nonwovens and nanomaterials, Faculty of Textile, Technical University of Liberec, 46117 Liberec, Czech Republic.
Materials (Basel). 2021 Apr 13;14(8):1937. doi: 10.3390/ma14081937.
COVID-19, classified as SARS-CoV-2, is causing an ongoing global pandemic. The pandemic has resulted in the loss of lives and has caused economic hardships. Most of the devices used to protect against the transmission of the novel COVID-19 disease are related to textile structures. Hence, the challenge for textile professionals is to design and develop suitable textile structures with multiple functionalities for capturing viruses, passivating them, and, at the same time, having no adverse effects on humans during the complete period of use. In addition to manufacturing efficient, biocompatible, and cost-effective protective face masks, it is also necessary to inform the public about the benefits and risks of protective face mask materials. The purpose of this article is to address the concerns of efficiency and efficacy of face masks by primarily reviewing the literature of research conducted at the Technical University of Liberec. The main focus is on the presentation of problems related to the specification of aims of face mask applications, mechanisms of capture, durability, and modes of sterilization. The recommendations, instead of conclusions, are addressed to the whole textile society because they should be leading players in the design, creation, and proper treatment of face masks due to their familiarity with the complex behavior of textile structures and targeted changes of structural hierarchy starting from polymeric chains (nano-level) and ending in planar textile structures (millimeter level) due to action by mechanical, physical and chemical fields. This becomes extremely critical to saving hundreds of thousands of lives from COVID-19.
新冠病毒（COVID-19），分类为严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2（SARS-CoV-2），正在引发一场持续的全球大流行。这场大流行已导致人员死亡，并造成了经济困难。大多数用于防止新型冠状病毒病传播的装置都与纺织结构有关。因此，纺织专业人员面临的挑战是设计和开发具有多种功能的合适纺织结构，以捕获病毒、使其失活，同时在整个使用期间对人体无不良影响。除了生产高效、生物相容且经济高效的防护口罩外，还需要向公众宣传防护口罩材料的益处和风险。本文的目的主要是通过回顾利贝雷茨技术大学开展的研究文献，来解决口罩的效率和功效问题。主要重点在于介绍与口罩应用目标的确定、捕获机制、耐用性和消毒方式相关的问题。本文给出的是建议而非结论，面向整个纺织界，因为鉴于他们熟悉纺织结构的复杂行为以及从聚合物链（纳米级）开始到平面纺织结构（毫米级）因机械、物理和化学场作用而产生的结构层次的定向变化，他们应在口罩的设计、制造和适当处理中发挥主导作用。这对于从新冠疫情中拯救数十万人的生命极为关键。
