Departments of Radiology, Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, USA.
Department of Radiology and Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
Br J Radiol. 2021 Sep 1;94(1125):20210157. doi: 10.1259/bjr.20210157. Epub 2021 Apr 30.
Ultrasound has a high specificity for the diagnosis of a benign lesion in cases of classic appearing simple cyst, hemorrhagic cyst, endometrioma and dermoid. However, ultrasound can sometimes be limited for definitive characterisation and risk stratification of other types of lesions, including those with echogenic content that may appear solid, with or without blood flow. Frequently, MRI can be used to further characterise these types of lesions, due to its ability to distinguish solid tissue from non-tissue solid components such as fat, blood, or debris. Incorporating the MR imaging into the evaluation of adnexal lesions can improve diagnostic certainty and guide clinical management potentially avoiding inappropriate surgery for benign lesions and expediting appropriate treatment for malignant lesions, particularly in the females with sonographically indeterminate adnexal lesions.
超声对于经典表现为单纯性囊肿、出血性囊肿、子宫内膜异位囊肿和皮样囊肿的良性病变的诊断具有很高的特异性。然而，超声有时可能无法对其他类型病变进行明确的特征描述和风险分层，包括那些回声较强的病变，这些病变可能表现为实性，有或无血流。由于 MRI 能够区分实性组织与非组织性实性成分（如脂肪、血液或碎片），因此常用于进一步对这些类型的病变进行特征描述。将 MR 成像纳入附件病变的评估中可以提高诊断的确定性，并指导临床管理，从而可能避免对良性病变进行不必要的手术，并加快对恶性病变的适当治疗，特别是在超声检查结果不确定的附件病变的女性中。
