Environmental Change Institute, University of Oxford, Dyson Perrins Building, South Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3QY, UK.
Environmental Change Institute, University of Oxford, Dyson Perrins Building, South Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3QY, UK.
J Environ Manage. 2021 Aug 1;291:112583. doi: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2021.112583. Epub 2021 Apr 28.
Climate change increases risks to natural and human systems. Green infrastructure (GI) has been increasingly recognized as a promising nature-based solution for climate change adaptation, mitigation, and other societal objectives for sustainable development. Although the climate contribution of GI has been extensively addressed in the literature, the linkages between the climate benefits and associated co-benefits and trade-offs remain unclear. We systematically reviewed the evidence from 141 papers, focusing on their climate benefits, relevant co-benefits and trade-offs, and the GI types that provide such climate (co-)benefits. This study presents a comprehensive overview of the links between climate benefits, co-benefits and types of GI, categorized along a green-grey continuum so that researchers/practitioners can find information according to their topic of interest. We further provide an analysis of trade-offs between various GI benefits. 'Bundles' of major co-benefits and trade-offs for each climate benefit can be identified with recommendations for strategies to maximize benefits and minimize trade-offs. To promote climate-resilient pathways through GI, it is crucial for decision-makers to identify opportunities to deliver multiple ecosystem services and benefits while recognizing disservices and trade-offs that need to be avoided or managed.
气候变化增加了自然和人类系统的风险。绿色基础设施（GI）作为一种基于自然的解决方案，已越来越被认为是应对气候变化适应、缓解以及可持续发展的其他社会目标的有前途的方案。尽管 GI 的气候贡献在文献中已经得到广泛讨论，但气候效益与相关的共同效益和权衡之间的联系仍不清楚。我们系统地回顾了 141 篇论文的证据，重点关注它们的气候效益、相关的共同效益和权衡，以及提供此类气候（共同）效益的 GI 类型。本研究全面概述了气候效益、共同效益和 GI 类型之间的联系，根据绿色-灰色连续体进行分类，以便研究人员/从业者可以根据自己感兴趣的主题找到相关信息。我们进一步分析了各种 GI 效益之间的权衡。可以为每种气候效益确定主要共同效益和权衡的“捆绑包”，并提出了最大化效益和最小化权衡的策略建议。为了通过 GI 促进具有气候弹性的途径，决策者必须确定提供多种生态系统服务和效益的机会，同时认识到需要避免或管理的不良服务和权衡。
