McNeilly Oliver, Mann Riti, Hamidian Mohammad, Gunawan Cindy
iThree Institute, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW, Australia.
School of Chemical Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
Front Microbiol. 2021 Apr 16;12:652863. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.652863. eCollection 2021.
The misuse of antibiotics combined with a lack of newly developed ones is the main contributors to the current antibiotic resistance crisis. There is a dire need for new and alternative antibacterial options and nanotechnology could be a solution. Metal-based nanoparticles, particularly silver nanoparticles (NAg), have garnered widespread popularity due to their unique physicochemical properties and broad-spectrum antibacterial activity. Consequently, NAg has seen extensive incorporation in many types of products across the healthcare and consumer market. Despite clear evidence of the strong antibacterial efficacy of NAg, studies have raised concerns over the development of silver-resistant bacteria. Resistance to cationic silver (Ag) has been recognised for many years, but it has recently been found that bacterial resistance to NAg is also possible. It is also understood that exposure of bacteria to toxic heavy metals like silver can induce the emergence of antibiotic resistance through the process of co-selection. is a Gram-negative coccobacillus and opportunistic nosocomial bacterial pathogen. It was recently listed as the "number one" critical level priority pathogen because of the significant rise of antibiotic resistance in this species. NAg has proven bactericidal activity towards , even against strains that display multi-drug resistance. However, despite ample evidence of heavy metal (including silver; Ag) resistance in this bacterium, combined with reports of heavy metal-driven co-selection of antibiotic resistance, little research has been dedicated to assessing the potential for NAg resistance development in . This is worrisome, as the increasingly indiscriminate use of NAg could promote the development of silver resistance in this species, like what has occurred with antibiotics.
抗生素的滥用加上新开发抗生素的缺乏是当前抗生素耐药性危机的主要原因。迫切需要新的和替代性的抗菌选择，而纳米技术可能是一种解决方案。金属基纳米颗粒，特别是银纳米颗粒（NAg），因其独特的物理化学性质和广谱抗菌活性而广受欢迎。因此，NAg已广泛应用于医疗保健和消费市场的许多类型产品中。尽管有明确证据表明NAg具有强大的抗菌功效，但研究对耐银细菌的发展提出了担忧。对阳离子银（Ag）的耐药性已被认识多年，但最近发现细菌对NAg也可能产生耐药性。人们还了解到，细菌接触银等有毒重金属会通过共选择过程诱导抗生素耐药性的出现。是一种革兰氏阴性球杆菌，也是机会性医院细菌病原体。由于该物种抗生素耐药性的显著上升，它最近被列为“头号”关键优先病原体。NAg已被证明对具有杀菌活性，甚至对表现出多重耐药性的菌株也有效。然而，尽管有充分证据表明该细菌对重金属（包括银；Ag）具有耐药性，并且有重金属驱动抗生素耐药性共选择的报道，但很少有研究致力于评估该细菌产生NAg耐药性的可能性。这令人担忧，因为NAg的日益滥用可能会促进该物种对银的耐药性发展，就像抗生素所发生的情况一样。
