Ben-Zeev Dror, Buck Benjamin, Chander Ayesha, Brian Rachel, Wang Weichen, Atkins David, Brenner Carolyn J, Cohen Trevor, Campbell Andrew, Munson Jeffrey
Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA.
Department of Computer Science, Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH.
Schizophr Bull Open. 2020 Nov 9;1(1):sgaa060. doi: 10.1093/schizbullopen/sgaa060. eCollection 2020 Jan.
Auditory verbal hallucinations (AVH) are common in multiple clinical populations but also occur in individuals who are otherwise considered healthy. Adopting the National Institute of Mental Health's Research Domain Criteria (RDoC) framework, the aim of the current study was to integrate a variety of measures to evaluate whether AVH experience varies across clinical and nonclinical individuals.
A total of 384 people with AVH from 41 US states participated in the study; 295 participants (77%) who received inpatient, outpatient, or combination treatments for AVH and 89 participants (23%) who never received care. Participants used a multi-modal smartphone data collection system to report on their AVH experiences and co-occurring psychological states multiple times daily, over 30 days. In parallel, smartphone sensors recorded their physical activity, geolocation, and calling and texting behavior continuously.
The clinical sample experienced AVH more frequently than the nonclinical group and rated their AVH as significantly louder and more powerful. They experienced more co-occurring negative affect and were more socially withdrawn, spending significantly more time at home and significantly less time near other people. Participants with a history of inpatient care also rated their AVH as infused with significantly more negative content. The groups did not differ in their physical activity or use of their smartphones for digital communication.
Smartphone-assisted remote data collection revealed real-time/real-place phenomenological, affective, and behavioral differences between clinical and nonclinical samples of people who experience AVH. The study provided strong support for the application of RDoC-informed approaches in psychosis research.
幻听在多种临床人群中很常见，但也会出现在其他方面被认为健康的个体中。采用美国国立精神卫生研究所的研究领域标准（RDoC）框架，本研究的目的是整合多种测量方法，以评估幻听体验在临床个体和非临床个体中是否存在差异。
来自美国41个州的384名有幻听的人参与了这项研究；295名参与者（77%）接受了针对幻听的住院、门诊或联合治疗，89名参与者（23%）从未接受过治疗。参与者使用多模式智能手机数据收集系统，在30天内每天多次报告他们的幻听体验和同时出现的心理状态。同时，智能手机传感器持续记录他们的身体活动、地理位置以及通话和短信行为。
临床样本比非临床组更频繁地经历幻听，并且将他们的幻听评定为声音明显更大、更强烈。他们同时出现更多的负面影响，社交退缩更明显，在家中花费的时间显著更多，在他人附近花费的时间显著更少。有住院治疗史的参与者也将他们的幻听评定为带有明显更多的负面内容。两组在身体活动或使用智能手机进行数字通信方面没有差异。
智能手机辅助的远程数据收集揭示了有幻听的临床样本和非临床样本之间在实时/实地的现象学、情感和行为方面的差异。该研究为在精神病研究中应用基于RDoC的方法提供了有力支持。
