Rafnsson V, Jóhannesdóttir S G, Oddsson H, Benediktsson H, Tulinius H, Magnússon G
Department of Occupational Medicine, Administration of Occupational Safety and Health, Reykjavik, Iceland.
Scand J Work Environ Health. 1988 Jun;14(3):197-200. doi: 10.5271/sjweh.1931.
A retrospective cohort study of mortality and cancer morbidity was carried out among 295 marine engineers and 182 machinists with special regard to cancer of the lung. The cohort was defined as all graduates from engineering and machinists school in Iceland during 1936-1955. During vocational training, as well as in their professional lives, marine engineers and machinists are exposed to asbestos, different kinds of mineral oils, and exhaust gases with marked individual variation as regards mode and magnitude of exposure. For deaths occurring between 1951 and 1982 information was obtained from the Statistical Bureau of Iceland. Significantly increased standardized mortality ratios were determined for cancer of the trachea, bronchus, and lung for the entire cohort. Record linkage with the Cancer Register revealed 36 cancers in the period 1955-1982. No statistically significant excess was found for the overall cancer incidence or for the incidence of cancer at any particular site. A special survey of smoking status showed that cigarette smoking was not as common among the subjects of the cohort as among the general male population in Reykjavik. These results support the suggestion that the increased mortality of lung cancer in the study group had a causal relationship to occupational exposure, particularly to asbestos exposure.
对295名轮机工程师和182名机械师进行了一项关于死亡率和癌症发病率的回顾性队列研究，特别关注肺癌。该队列定义为1936年至1955年期间冰岛工程学校和机械学校的所有毕业生。在职业培训期间以及职业生涯中，轮机工程师和机械师会接触石棉、各种矿物油和废气，接触方式和程度存在明显的个体差异。对于1951年至1982年期间发生的死亡事件，信息来自冰岛统计局。整个队列中气管、支气管和肺癌的标准化死亡率显著增加。与癌症登记处的记录关联显示，1955年至1982年期间有36例癌症病例。总体癌症发病率或任何特定部位的癌症发病率均未发现统计学上的显著超额。一项关于吸烟状况的专项调查显示，该队列中的受试者吸烟不如雷克雅未克的一般男性人群普遍。这些结果支持了这样的观点，即研究组中肺癌死亡率的增加与职业暴露，特别是石棉暴露存在因果关系。
