Cochrane South Africa, South African Medical Research Council, Cape Town, South Africa.
Department of Nursing and Midwifery, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa.
Hum Vaccin Immunother. 2021 Sep 2;17(9):3016-3022. doi: 10.1080/21645515.2021.1903294. Epub 2021 May 3.
Vaccine hesitancy is a phenomenon where individuals delay or refuse to take some or all vaccines. The objective of this study was to conduct a global bibliometric analysis of research productivity and identify country level indicators that could be associated with publications on vaccine hesitancy. We searched PubMed and Web of Science for publications from 1974 to 2019, and selected articles focused on behavioral and social aspects of vaccination. Data on country-level indicators were obtained from the World Bank. We used Spearman's correlation and zero-inflated negative-binomial regression models to ascertain the association between country level indicators and the number of publications. We identified 4314 articles, with 1099 eligible for inclusion. The United States of America (461 publications, 41.9%), Canada (84 publications, 7.6%) and the United Kingdom (68 publications, 6.2%) had the highest number of publications. Although various country indicators had significant correlations with vaccine hesitancy publications, only gross domestic product (GDP) and gross national income (GNI) per capita were independent positive predictors of the number of publications. When the number of publications were standardized by GDP, the Gambia, Somalia and Malawi ranked highest in decreasing order. The United States, Canada and United Kingdom ranked highest (in that order) when standardized by current health expenditure. Overall, high-income countries were more productive in vaccine hesitancy research than low-and-middle-income countries. There is a need for more investment in research on vaccine hesitancy in low-and-middle-income countries.
疫苗犹豫是一种个体延迟或拒绝接种某些或全部疫苗的现象。本研究旨在对疫苗犹豫研究成果进行全球文献计量学分析，并确定可能与疫苗犹豫相关出版物相关的国家层面指标。我们在 PubMed 和 Web of Science 中检索了 1974 年至 2019 年的出版物，并选择了专注于疫苗接种行为和社会方面的文章。国家层面指标的数据来自世界银行。我们使用 Spearman 相关和零膨胀负二项回归模型来确定国家层面指标与出版物数量之间的关联。我们确定了 4314 篇文章，其中 1099 篇符合纳入标准。美国（461 篇，41.9%）、加拿大（84 篇，7.6%）和英国（68 篇，6.2%）发表的文章数量最多。尽管各种国家指标与疫苗犹豫相关出版物有显著相关性，但只有国内生产总值（GDP）和人均国民总收入（GNI）是出版物数量的独立正向预测指标。当按 GDP 对出版物数量进行标准化时，冈比亚、索马里和马拉维的排名依次最高。当按当前卫生支出进行标准化时，美国、加拿大和英国的排名最高。总体而言，高收入国家在疫苗犹豫研究方面比中低收入国家更有成效。需要在中低收入国家对疫苗犹豫研究进行更多投资。
