巴西福塔雷萨市远程教育环境中儿童、青少年和成年人的 COVID-19 患病率。
Prevalence of COVID-19 in children, adolescents and adults in remote education situations in the city of Fortaleza, Brazil.
机构信息
Northeast Biotechnology Network, Graduate Program of Biotechnology, State University of Ceará, Campus do Itaperi, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil; Biotechnology and Molecular Biology Laboratory, State University of Ceará, Campus do Itaperi, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil.
Biotechnology and Molecular Biology Laboratory, State University of Ceará, Campus do Itaperi, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil.
出版信息
Int J Infect Dis. 2021 Jul;108:20-26. doi: 10.1016/j.ijid.2021.04.086. Epub 2021 May 1.
OBJECTIVES
A retrospective study was conducted to identify the prevalence of COVID-19 through serology and RT-PCR in children, adolescents and adults. A database of the COVID-19 Tracking Program in school children was used.
METHODS
The data comprised sociodemographic and clinical variables, results of serological tests (IgM and IgG), and real-time-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) results of IgM-positive individuals. The statistical analysis was performed with a 5% significance level.
RESULTS
Among 423 children, 107 (25.3%) exhibited seroprevalence with IgG, IgM or IgG/IgM; among 854 adolescents, 250 (29.2%) had positive serology; and among 282 adults, 59 (20.9%) were positive. The frequency of positivity on RT-PCR for SARS-CoV-2 was 3.5%, 3.6% and 6.0% in children, adolescents and adults, respectively. Children had a lower incidence of symptoms than adolescents (p = 0.001) and adults (p = 0.003); the most frequent were fever, ageusia, anosmia, headache, dry cough, sore throat, muscle pain, runny nose, dyspnoea, and diarrhoea.
CONCLUSIONS
The prevalence rate for all groups was 26.7% in serology and 4.04% in RT-PCR. Children had lower rates of IgM and fewer symptoms compared with adolescents and adults. The data suggest the potential for transmissibility in all age groups.
目的
通过血清学和 RT-PCR 对儿童、青少年和成年人进行回顾性研究，以确定 COVID-19 的患病率。使用了儿童 COVID-19 追踪计划的数据库。
方法
该数据包含社会人口统计学和临床变量、血清学检测（IgM 和 IgG）结果以及 IgM 阳性个体的实时聚合酶链反应（RT-PCR）结果。采用 5%的显著性水平进行统计分析。
结果
在 423 名儿童中，有 107 名（25.3%）表现出 IgG、IgM 或 IgG/IgM 的血清阳性率；在 854 名青少年中，有 250 名（29.2%）血清学检测呈阳性；在 282 名成年人中，有 59 名（20.9%）呈阳性。SARS-CoV-2 的 RT-PCR 阳性率在儿童、青少年和成年人中分别为 3.5%、3.6%和 6.0%。儿童的症状发生率低于青少年（p = 0.001）和成年人（p = 0.003）；最常见的症状是发热、味觉丧失、嗅觉丧失、头痛、干咳、喉咙痛、肌肉疼痛、流鼻涕、呼吸困难和腹泻。
结论
所有组别的血清学阳性率为 26.7%，RT-PCR 阳性率为 4.04%。与青少年和成年人相比，儿童的 IgM 率较低，症状较少。这些数据表明所有年龄段都有传播的潜力。
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