Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA.
Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA.
Exp Biol Med (Maywood). 2021 Nov;246(22):2358-2371. doi: 10.1177/15353702211010762. Epub 2021 May 6.
The lymph nodes are major sites of cancer metastasis and immune activity, and thus represent important clinical targets. Although not as well-studied compared to subcutaneous administration, intravenous drug delivery is advantageous for lymph node delivery as it is commonly practiced in the clinic and has the potential to deliver therapeutics systemically to all lymph nodes. However, rapid clearance by the mononuclear phagocyte system, tight junctions of the blood vascular endothelium, and the collagenous matrix of the interstitium can limit the efficiency of lymph node drug delivery, which has prompted research into the design of nanoparticle-based drug delivery systems. In this mini review, we describe the physiological and biological barriers to lymph node targeting, how they inform nanoparticle design, and discuss the future outlook of lymph node targeting.
淋巴结是癌症转移和免疫活动的主要部位，因此代表着重要的临床目标。尽管与皮下给药相比，研究还不够充分，但静脉内药物输送对于淋巴结输送是有利的，因为它在临床上很常见，并且有可能将治疗药物系统地输送到所有淋巴结。然而，单核吞噬细胞系统的快速清除、血管内皮的紧密连接以及间质的胶原基质会限制淋巴结药物输送的效率，这促使人们研究基于纳米粒子的药物输送系统。在这篇迷你综述中，我们描述了淋巴结靶向的生理和生物学屏障，以及它们如何为纳米粒子设计提供信息，并讨论了淋巴结靶向的未来前景。
