Hickman Rachel A, Leangapichart Thongpan, Lunha Kamonwan, Jiwakanon Jatesada, Angkititrakul Sunpetch, Magnusson Ulf, Sunde Marianne, Järhult Josef D
Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, Zoonosis Science Center, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
Section for Animal Health and Food Safety, Norwegian Veterinary Institute, Oslo, Norway.
Front Microbiol. 2021 Apr 20;12:651461. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.651461. eCollection 2021.
Antibiotics are freqeuently used in the livestock sector in low- and middle-income countries for treatment, prophylaxis, and growth promotion. However, there is limited information into the zoonotic prevalence and dissemination patterns of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) within these environments. In this study we used pig farming in Thailand as a model to explore AMR; 156 pig farms were included, comprising of small-sized (<50 sows) and medium-sized (≥100 sows) farms, where bacterial isolates were selectively cultured from animal rectal and human fecal samples. Bacterial isolates were subjected to antimicrobial susceptibility testing (AST), and whole-genome sequencing. Our results indicate extensive zoonotic sharing of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) by horizontal gene transfer. Resistance to multiple antibiotics was observed with higher prevalence in medium-scale farms. Zoonotic transmission of colistin resistance in small-scale farms had a dissemination gradient from pigs to handlers to non-livestock contacts. We highly recommend reducing the antimicrobial use in animals' feeds and medications, especially the last resort drug colistin.
抗生素在低收入和中等收入国家的畜牧业中经常用于治疗、预防和促进生长。然而，关于这些环境中抗菌药物耐药性（AMR）的人畜共患病流行情况和传播模式的信息有限。在本研究中，我们以泰国的养猪业为模型来探索AMR；纳入了156个养猪场，包括小型（<50头母猪）和中型（≥100头母猪）猪场，从动物直肠和人类粪便样本中选择性培养细菌分离株。对细菌分离株进行了抗菌药物敏感性测试（AST）和全基因组测序。我们的结果表明，通过水平基因转移，抗生素耐药基因（ARGs）存在广泛的人畜共患共享情况。在中型猪场中，对多种抗生素的耐药性更为普遍。小规模猪场中，多粘菌素耐药性的人畜共患传播存在从猪到饲养人员再到非畜牧接触者的传播梯度。我们强烈建议减少动物饲料和药物中的抗菌药物使用，尤其是最后手段药物多粘菌素。
