在 COVID-19 大流行期间，患者住进重症监护病房会使患者的亲属感到焦虑，限制探视会使他们感到抑郁吗？
Does hospitalisation of a patient in the intensive care unit cause anxiety and does restriction of visiting cause depression for the relatives of these patients during COVID-19 pandemic?
机构信息
Department of Critical Care Unit, Ankara City Hospital, Ankara, Turkey.
Department of Anesthesiology and Reanimation, Ankara City Hospital, Ankara, Turkey.
出版信息
Int J Clin Pract. 2021 Oct;75(10):e14328. doi: 10.1111/ijcp.14328. Epub 2021 Aug 11.
OBJECTIVES
During the pandemic, anxiety and depression may occur increasingly in the whole society. The aim of this study was to evaluate the possible cause, incidence and levels of anxiety and depression in the relatives of the patients in the intensive care unit (ICU) in accordance with the patients' SARS-CoV-2 polymerase chain reaction (PCR) result.
MATERIALS AND METHOD
The study was prospectively conducted on relatives of patients admitted to tertiary intensive care units during COVID-19 pandemic. Sociodemographic characteristics of the patients and their relatives were recorded. "The Turkish version of the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale" was applied twice to the relatives of 120 patients to determine the symptoms of anxiety and depression in accordance with the PCR results of the patients (PCR positive n = 60, PCR negative n = 60).
RESULTS
The ratios above cut-off values for anxiety and depression among relatives of the patients were 45.8% and 67.5% for the first questionnaire and 46.7% and 62.5% for the second questionnaire, respectively. The anxiety and depression in the relatives of PCR-positive patients was more frequent than the PCR negative (P < .001 for HADS-A and P = .034 for HADS-D). The prevalence of anxiety and depression was significantly higher in female relatives (P = .046 for HADS-A and P = .009 for HADS-A). There was no significant correlation between HADS and age of the patient or education of the participants. The fact that the patients were hospitalised in the ICU during the pandemic was an independent risk factor for anxiety (AUC = 0.746) while restricted visitation in the ICU was an independent risk factor for depression (AUC = 0.703).
CONCLUSION
Positive PCR and female gender were associated with both anxiety and depression while hospitalisation in the ICU due to COVID-19 was an independent risk factor for anxiety and restricted visitation in the ICU is an independent risk factor for depression.
目的
在大流行期间，整个社会可能会越来越多地出现焦虑和抑郁。本研究的目的是根据患者的 SARS-CoV-2 聚合酶链反应（PCR）结果，评估 ICU 患者亲属中焦虑和抑郁的可能原因、发生率和程度。
材料和方法
本研究是在 COVID-19 大流行期间对入住三级 ICU 的患者亲属进行的前瞻性研究。记录患者及其亲属的社会人口学特征。对 120 名患者的亲属应用两次“土耳其版医院焦虑和抑郁量表”，根据患者的 PCR 结果（PCR 阳性 n=60，PCR 阴性 n=60）确定焦虑和抑郁症状。
结果
第一次问卷中，亲属的焦虑和抑郁得分高于临界值的比例分别为 45.8%和 67.5%，第二次问卷分别为 46.7%和 62.5%。PCR 阳性患者亲属的焦虑和抑郁更为常见（HADS-A：P<0.001；HADS-D：P=0.034）。女性亲属的焦虑和抑郁患病率显著更高（HADS-A：P=0.046；HADS-D：P=0.009）。HADS 与患者年龄或参与者教育程度之间无显著相关性。在 ICU 住院期间因 COVID-19 住院是焦虑的独立危险因素（AUC=0.746），而 ICU 限制探视是抑郁的独立危险因素（AUC=0.703）。
结论
PCR 阳性和女性是焦虑和抑郁的共同危险因素，而 COVID-19 导致的 ICU 住院是焦虑的独立危险因素，ICU 限制探视是抑郁的独立危险因素。
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