4770 Buford Hwy NE, Division of Human Development and Disability, National Center on Birth Defects and Developmental Disabilities, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, 30341-3717, USA.
CDC COVID-19 Response, 1600 Clifton Rd., Atlanta, GA, 30333, USA.
Disabil Health J. 2021 Oct;14(4):101110. doi: 10.1016/j.dhjo.2021.101110. Epub 2021 Apr 21.
Evidence from previous public health emergencies indicates that adults with disabilities have higher risk for morbidity (physical and mental) and mortality than adults without disabilities.
To provide estimates of mental health indicators and stressors for US adults by disability status during April and May 2020, shortly following the emergence of the COVID-19 pandemic.
We analyzed data from Porter Novelli View 360 opt-in Internet panel survey conducted during the weeks of April 20th and May 18th 2020 among 1004 English-speaking adults aged ≥18 years without and with disabilities (serious difficulty with hearing, vision, cognition, or mobility; any difficulty with self-care or independent living). Weighted logistic regression was used to test for significant differences between calculated prevalence estimates at the P ≤ .05 level.
One in four adults reported any disability. Adults with any disability were significantly more likely than adults without disability to report current depressive symptoms, frequent mental distress, suicidal ideation, and COVID-19-related initiated or increased substance use (all p values < .0001). Adults with disabilities also reported significantly higher levels of stressors, such as access to health care services (p < .0001), difficulty caring for their own (or another's) chronic condition (p < .0001), emotional or physical abuse from others (p < .001), and not having enough food (p < .01).
The disproportionately high levels of poor mental health indicators among adults with disabilities as compared to those without highlight the importance of delivering timely mental health screening and treatment/intervention during and after the COVID-19 pandemic to persons with disabilities.
以往公共卫生紧急事件的证据表明，残疾成年人的发病率（身体和心理）和死亡率高于非残疾成年人。
在 COVID-19 大流行出现后不久的 2020 年 4 月和 5 月，提供美国残疾成年人心理健康指标和压力源的估计值。
我们分析了 2020 年 4 月 20 日至 5 月 18 日期间进行的 Porter Novelli View 360 自选互联网小组调查数据，该调查针对的是 1004 名年龄在 18 岁及以上、不讲英语、有或没有残疾的成年人（听力、视力、认知或行动严重困难；自理或独立生活有任何困难）。使用加权逻辑回归检验在 P 值 ≤ 0.05 水平下计算的患病率估计值之间的显著差异。
四分之一的成年人报告有任何残疾。有任何残疾的成年人比没有残疾的成年人更有可能报告当前抑郁症状、频繁的精神困扰、自杀意念以及与 COVID-19 相关的开始或增加的物质使用（所有 p 值均 < 0.0001）。残疾成年人还报告了更高水平的压力源，例如获得医疗保健服务（p < 0.0001）、难以照顾自己（或他人）的慢性疾病（p < 0.0001）、遭受他人的情感或身体虐待（p < 0.001）以及没有足够的食物（p < 0.01）。
与没有残疾的成年人相比，残疾成年人心理健康指标水平过高，这突出表明在 COVID-19 大流行期间和之后，向残疾人及时提供心理健康筛查和治疗/干预的重要性。
