Department of Oral, Maxillofacial and Facial Plastic Surgery, School of Medicine, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Pauwelsstr. 30, 52074, Aachen, Germany.
Department of Medical Statistics, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Pauwelsstr. 30, 52074, Aachen, Germany.
Sci Rep. 2021 May 7;11(1):9805. doi: 10.1038/s41598-021-89313-1.
After craniofacial trauma, symptoms like swelling and pain occur. Cooling reduces these symptoms but the optimal cooling temperature for a maximum benefit without adverse effects is unclear. 30 participants were cooled at 10 °C, 15 °C, 20 °C, 25 °C and 30 °C for 30 min. Before cooling and at 15, 30, 45 and 60 min after cooling, the skin blood flow, oxygen saturation (SO) and haemoglobin concentration (Hb) were measured by laser Doppler spectrophotometry at 2 mm and 8 mm depth. The skin temperature was measured, and the participant's satisfaction was marked on a visual analogue scale. There were significant differences between males and females in the blood flow, SO and Hb (p < 0.0001). After cooling, the blood flow, SO and Hb was reduced. The measured values rose slightly above the initial values 60 min after cooling. Depending on the cooling temperature the decrease in blood flow, SO and Hb was significantly different. Both sexes were most comfortable with a 25 °C cooling temperature and satisfaction decreased with lower temperatures. Significant differences for the satisfaction between both sexes were measured (10 °C: p < 0.0001, 15 °C: p < 0.0001, 20 °C: p = 0.0168, 25 °C: p = 0.0293). After 60 min, the males and females exhibited mild skin hyperthermia. The optimal cooling temperatures their physiological effects and their perception for females and males were different. For females, around 20 °C is an optimal cooling temperature. For males, it is around 15-20 °C.
头面部创伤后会出现肿胀和疼痛等症状。冷却可以减轻这些症状，但最佳的冷却温度以获得最大益处而没有不良反应尚不清楚。30 名参与者在 10°C、15°C、20°C、25°C 和 30°C 下冷却 30 分钟。在冷却之前和冷却后 15、30、45 和 60 分钟，使用激光多普勒光谱光度法在 2mm 和 8mm 深度测量皮肤血流量、氧饱和度 (SO) 和血红蛋白浓度 (Hb)。测量皮肤温度，并在视觉模拟量表上标记参与者的满意度。男性和女性之间的血流量、SO 和 Hb 存在显著差异 (p<0.0001)。冷却后，血流量、SO 和 Hb 减少。冷却 60 分钟后，测量值略有升高，高于初始值。根据冷却温度，血流量、SO 和 Hb 的减少存在显著差异。无论性别，25°C 的冷却温度最舒适，满意度随着温度的降低而降低。在两种性别之间，满意度存在显著差异 (10°C：p<0.0001，15°C：p<0.0001，20°C：p=0.0168，25°C：p=0.0293)。60 分钟后，男性和女性出现轻度皮肤过热。女性和男性的最佳冷却温度、生理效应及其感知不同。对于女性，20°C 左右是最佳的冷却温度。对于男性，大约在 15-20°C。
