Institute for Nursing Science and Practice, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria.
Institute of General Practice, Family Medicine and Preventive Medicine, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria.
Health Soc Care Community. 2022 Jan;30(1):389-399. doi: 10.1111/hsc.13412. Epub 2021 May 7.
The service utilisation of persons with dementia (PwD) and their caregivers is subject to lively debate. The reasons for non-utilisation are manifold and heterogeneous. Conceptual models and explanatory frameworks may help identify predictors of the usage of health services. Literature examining the utilisation of home care services for PwD is scarce. This study explored predictors of home care nursing utilisation of PwD and their informal caregivers in a rural setting, according to the Andersen Behavioural Model of Health Care Use. A mixed-methods study was conducted in a rural area of Austria. In using non-random multistage sampling, anonymous questionnaires were distributed to collect data on family caregivers of PwD. Data were analysed using sequential binary logistic regression to characterise home care service users. To reflect the complexity of the Andersen model, a regression tree model was used. In total, 107 family caregivers completed the survey. Predisposing factors for home care nursing utilisation were higher age of the caregiver, female gender of PwD and kinship of the PwD and caregiver. Disruptive behaviour and independence in activities of daily living of PwD were associated with need factors for service use. According to the Andersen model, the predisposing and need factors contributed most to the explanation of home care nursing utilisation. The enabling factors employment, education and income tend to predict service use. Our findings indicate that higher age of the family caregiver and female gender of PwD are the main predictors for utilisation of home care nursing in a rural setting. To improve utilisation, the advantages of professional care services should be promoted, and the awareness about the variety of services available should be increased. To ensure a better understanding of the barriers to accessing home care, PwD should more often be included in healthcare service research.
痴呆症患者(PwD)及其照顾者的服务利用情况备受争议。不利用服务的原因多种多样且各不相同。概念模型和解释框架可以帮助确定卫生服务使用的预测因素。关于痴呆症患者使用家庭护理服务的文献很少。本研究根据安德森健康护理使用行为模型,探讨了农村地区痴呆症患者及其非正式照顾者家庭护理利用的预测因素。这是一项在奥地利农村地区进行的混合方法研究。采用非随机多阶段抽样方法,向家庭照顾者分发匿名问卷收集数据。使用序贯二元逻辑回归分析数据,以描述家庭护理服务使用者的特征。为了反映安德森模型的复杂性,还使用了回归树模型。共有 107 名家庭照顾者完成了调查。家庭护理护理利用的倾向因素是照顾者年龄较大、PwD 为女性以及 PwD 和照顾者之间的亲属关系。PwD 的行为障碍和日常生活活动独立性与服务使用的需求因素有关。根据安德森模型,倾向因素和需求因素对家庭护理护理利用的解释贡献最大。赋权因素——就业、教育和收入——往往可以预测服务的使用。我们的研究结果表明,在农村地区,家庭照顾者年龄较大和 PwD 为女性是利用家庭护理护理的主要预测因素。为了提高利用率,应该宣传专业护理服务的优势,并提高对可用服务种类的认识。为了确保更好地了解获得家庭护理的障碍,应更多地将痴呆症患者纳入医疗保健服务研究中。
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