Barr Jennieffer A, Tsai Lily P
College of Nursing and Midwifery, Charles Darwin University, Darwin, Casuarina, Northern Territory, Australia.
BMC Nurs. 2021 May 10;20(1):74. doi: 10.1186/s12912-021-00594-3.
The aim of this systematic review and narrative synthesis was to identify how and why health coaching is delivered by Registered Nurses.
Systematic review and narrative synthesis.
Articles were identified through a search of CINAHL, Medline, Scopus, and PsychINFO databases. Articles published in English between 2010 and 2021 were included.
Quality appraisal of relevant literature was independently undertaken by two authors to assess for risk of bias. The Critical Appraisal Skills Program (CASP) was used to appraise quality of potential papers.
A main purpose of coaching by Registered Nurses is to optimise patient self-care. How coaching was conducted varied across studies, with the most common coaching approaches via telephone or online. Majority of studies highlight some effectiveness of coaching by nurses; however, some results were inconclusive. Health coaching generally reduced mental distress. Other benefits reported by patients included reduced pain and fatigue. Outcomes for changing lifestyle behaviours were mixed. However, for health coaching to be efficient greater evidence is needed to determine length of time to use coaching, number of habits to focus on to produce change, and to determine best training for coaches.
Registered Nurses are most suitable for implementing health coaching for self-care, including preventing and managing chronic illness and recovering from situations like post-surgical needs. Nurses already promote health, and therefore, are skilled in educating people in self-care. Coaching is an additional strategy for motivating, targeting and assessing progress of self-care. Extending the scope of nursing practice to routinely coach in self-care would be ideal.
本系统评价和叙述性综合分析旨在确定注册护士提供健康指导的方式及原因。
系统评价和叙述性综合分析。
通过检索CINAHL、Medline、Scopus和PsychINFO数据库来识别文章。纳入2010年至2021年期间以英文发表的文章。
由两位作者独立对相关文献进行质量评估，以评估偏倚风险。使用批判性评价技能计划（CASP）来评估潜在论文的质量。
注册护士进行指导的主要目的是优化患者的自我护理。不同研究中指导的实施方式各不相同，最常见的指导方式是通过电话或在线进行。大多数研究强调了护士指导的一些有效性；然而，一些结果尚无定论。健康指导通常能减轻精神痛苦。患者报告的其他益处包括疼痛和疲劳减轻。改变生活方式行为的结果参差不齐。然而，为了使健康指导更有效，需要更多证据来确定使用指导的时间长度、为实现改变而需关注的习惯数量，以及确定对指导者的最佳培训。
注册护士最适合实施自我护理的健康指导，包括预防和管理慢性病以及从手术等需求后的情况中恢复。护士已经在促进健康，因此，他们在教育人们进行自我护理方面很有技巧。指导是激励、针对和评估自我护理进展的一种额外策略。将护理实践范围扩大到常规进行自我护理指导将是理想的。
