Department of Biomedical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA.
J Mater Chem B. 2021 Jun 3;9(21):4287-4297. doi: 10.1039/d1tb00607j.
Smart scaffolds based on shape memory polymer (SMPs) have been increasingly studied in tissue engineering. The unique shape actuating ability of SMP scaffolds has been utilized to improve delivery and/or tissue defect filling. In this regard, these scaffolds may be self-deploying, self-expanding, or self-fitting. Smart scaffolds are generally thermoresponsive or hydroresponsive wherein shape recovery is driven by an increase in temperature or by hydration, respectively. Most smart scaffolds have been directed towards regenerating bone, cartilage, and cardiovascular tissues. A vast variety of smart scaffolds can be prepared with properties targeted for a specific tissue application. This breadth of smart scaffolds stems from the variety of compositions employed as well as the numerous methods used to fabricated scaffolds with the desired morphology. Smart scaffold compositions span across several distinct classes of SMPs, affording further tunability of properties using numerous approaches. Specifically, these SMPs include those based on physically cross-linked and chemically cross-linked networks and include widely studied shape memory polyurethanes (SMPUs). Various additives, ranging from nanoparticles to biologicals, have also been included to impart unique functionality to smart scaffolds. Thus, given their unique functionality and breadth of tunable properties, smart scaffolds have tremendous potential in tissue engineering.
基于形状记忆聚合物（SMPs）的智能支架在组织工程中得到了越来越多的研究。SMP 支架独特的形状驱动能力已被用于改善递送和/或组织缺陷填充。在这方面，这些支架可以是自展开、自扩张或自适配的。智能支架通常是热响应或水响应的，形状恢复分别由温度升高或水合作用驱动。大多数智能支架都致力于再生骨骼、软骨和心血管组织。可以使用针对特定组织应用的特性来制备各种智能支架。智能支架的这种多样性源于所使用的多种成分以及用于制造具有所需形态的支架的多种方法。智能支架成分跨越了几种不同的 SMP 类别，通过多种方法进一步实现了对性能的可调性。具体来说，这些 SMP 包括基于物理交联和化学交联网络的 SMPU，并包括广泛研究的形状记忆聚氨酯（SMPU）。还添加了各种添加剂，从纳米颗粒到生物制品，以赋予智能支架独特的功能。因此，鉴于它们独特的功能和广泛可调的特性，智能支架在组织工程中有巨大的潜力。
