Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, NHC Key Laboratory of Pulmonary Diseases, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1277 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, Hubei 430022, P.R. China.
Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, NHC Key Laboratory of Pulmonary Diseases, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1277 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, Hubei 430022, P.R. China.
EBioMedicine. 2021 May;67:103365. doi: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2021.103365. Epub 2021 May 7.
Cancer remains one of the most challenging diseases, as many patients show limited therapeutic response to treatment. Liquid biopsy is a minimally invasive method that has the advantage of providing real-time disease information with the least damage to cancer patients. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) released by the parental cells and protected by lipid bilayer membrane structure represent an emerging liquid biopsy modality. Apart from promoting cell growth, proliferation, and migration, EVs and their cargos (mainly miRNAs and proteins) are also biomarkers for cancer diagnosis and prognosis. Furthermore, their alterations pre- and post-therapy can guide therapeutic strategy determinations for better-stratified therapy. In this review, we summarize the potential clinical significance of EVs and their cargos in therapeutic response monitoring and prediction in several cancers (mainly lung cancer, prostate cancer, breast cancer, melanoma, lymphoma, glioblastoma, and head and neck squamous cell carcinoma) and discuss the questions that require future investigation.
癌症仍然是最具挑战性的疾病之一，因为许多患者对治疗的反应有限。液体活检是一种微创方法，具有提供实时疾病信息的优势，对癌症患者的伤害最小。亲代细胞释放的并由脂质双层膜结构保护的细胞外囊泡 (EVs) 代表了一种新兴的液体活检方式。除了促进细胞生长、增殖和迁移外，EVs 及其 cargo（主要是 miRNAs 和蛋白质）也是癌症诊断和预后的生物标志物。此外，它们在治疗前后的改变可以指导治疗策略的确定，以实现更好的分层治疗。在这篇综述中，我们总结了 EVs 及其 cargo 在几种癌症（主要是肺癌、前列腺癌、乳腺癌、黑色素瘤、淋巴瘤、胶质母细胞瘤和头颈部鳞状细胞癌）中的治疗反应监测和预测中的潜在临床意义，并讨论了需要进一步研究的问题。
