Branco Marília Souza Silva, Altafim Elisa Rachel Pisani, Linhares Maria Beatriz Martins
Department of Neurosciences and Behavior, Ribeirao Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Brazil.
Trauma Violence Abuse. 2022 Dec;23(5):1658-1676. doi: 10.1177/15248380211013131. Epub 2021 May 11.
Child maltreatment is a severe worldwide public health problem because of its negative consequences and should therefore be prevented through parenting programs to improve parental behavior and practices. The present review aimed to update a published review of 5 years of empirical studies on universal parenting programs to strengthen positive parenting and prevent child maltreatment. A systematic search of the PubMed, Web of Science, PsycINFO, Lilacs, and SciELO databases was performed to identify the studies of group-based structured parenting programs published from 2015 to 2019. Eighteen studies were found that fulfilled the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The results showed that 14 different parenting programs were conducted in high-, medium-, and low-income countries, showing an increase in the number of studies in low-income countries compared with the previous review. In 89% of the studies, the parenting outcomes improved in the post-intervention. Additionally, studies have demonstrated that these programs also improved other parental outcomes such as mental health, couple relationships, coparenting, and coping ability of parents. From 18 studies, nine child variables were evaluated, and eight of them showed a decrease in behavior problems. Regarding the methodological quality of the studies, 55%, 28%, and 17% were classified as moderate, weak, and strong, respectively. In conclusion, the positive changes in parenting and child behavior outcomes encourage the implementation of parenting programs as a universal prevention strategy. Further research should increase the methodological quality of the design study.
儿童虐待是一个严重的全球性公共卫生问题，因其会产生负面后果，所以应通过育儿项目来预防，以改善父母的行为和做法。本综述旨在更新一篇已发表的关于普遍育儿项目的5年实证研究综述，以加强积极育儿并预防儿童虐待。我们对PubMed、科学网、PsycINFO、Lilacs和SciELO数据库进行了系统检索，以确定2015年至2019年发表的基于群体的结构化育儿项目研究。我们发现有18项研究符合纳入和排除标准。结果显示，在高收入、中等收入和低收入国家开展了14种不同的育儿项目，与之前的综述相比，低收入国家的研究数量有所增加。在89%的研究中，干预后的育儿结果有所改善。此外，研究表明，这些项目还改善了其他父母方面的结果，如心理健康、夫妻关系、共同育儿以及父母的应对能力。在18项研究中，对9个儿童变量进行了评估，其中8个变量显示行为问题有所减少。关于研究的方法学质量，分别有55%、28%和17%被归类为中等、薄弱和强劲。总之，育儿和儿童行为结果的积极变化鼓励实施育儿项目作为一种普遍的预防策略。进一步的研究应提高设计研究的方法学质量。
