Department of Tissue Engineering and Applied Cell Sciences, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Iran; Students' Scientific Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; School of Engineering, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, 2109, Australia.
Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Iran.
Tissue Cell. 2021 Oct;72:101553. doi: 10.1016/j.tice.2021.101553. Epub 2021 May 1.
The principal purpose of tissue engineering is to stimulate the injured or unhealthy tissues to revive their primary function through the simultaneous use of chemical agents, cells, and biocompatible materials. Still, choosing the appropriate protein as a growth factor (GF) for tissue engineering is vital to fabricate artificial tissues and accelerate the regeneration procedure. In this study, the angiogenesis and osteogenesis-related proteins' interactions are studied using their related network. Three major biological processes, including osteogenesis, angiogenesis, and angiogenesis regulation, were investigated by creating a protein-protein interaction (PPI) network (45 nodes and 237 edges) of bone regeneration efficient proteins. Furthermore, a gene ontology and a centrality analysis were performed to identify essential proteins within a network. The higher degree in this network leads to higher interactions between proteins and causes a considerable effect. The most highly connected proteins in the PPI network are the most remarkable for their employment. The results of this study showed that three significant proteins including prostaglandin endoperoxide synthase 2 (PTGS2), TEK receptor tyrosine kinase (TEK), and fibroblast growth factor 18 (FGF18) were involved simultaneously in osteogenesis, angiogenesis, and their positive regulatory. Regarding the available literature, the results of this study confirmed that PTGS2 and FGF18 could be used as a GF in bone tissue engineering (BTE) applications to promote angiogenesis and osteogenesis. Nevertheless, TEK was not used in BTE applications until now and should be considered in future works to be examined in-vitro and in-vivo.
组织工程的主要目的是通过同时使用化学剂、细胞和生物相容性材料来刺激受伤或不健康的组织恢复其主要功能。然而，选择合适的蛋白质作为生长因子（GF）对于组织工程至关重要，它可以用于制造人工组织并加速再生过程。在这项研究中，通过研究相关网络来研究血管生成和骨生成相关蛋白的相互作用。通过创建一个与骨再生效率蛋白相关的蛋白质-蛋白质相互作用（PPI）网络（45 个节点和 237 个边），研究了包括成骨、血管生成和血管生成调节在内的三个主要生物学过程（45 个节点和 237 个边）。此外，还进行了基因本体论和中心性分析，以确定网络内的必需蛋白。网络中较高的度数导致蛋白质之间的相互作用更高，并产生相当大的影响。PPI 网络中连接度最高的蛋白质在其应用中最为显著。这项研究的结果表明，三种重要的蛋白质，包括前列腺素内过氧化物合酶 2（PTGS2）、TEK 受体酪氨酸激酶（TEK）和成纤维细胞生长因子 18（FGF18），同时参与成骨、血管生成及其正调控。根据现有文献，这项研究的结果证实，PTGS2 和 FGF18 可以用作骨组织工程（BTE）应用中的 GF，以促进血管生成和骨生成。然而，TEK 目前尚未用于 BTE 应用，应该在未来的工作中进行考虑，以进行体外和体内研究。
