Lyu Yang-Yang, Jiang Ji, Wang Yong-Lei, Xiao Zhi-Li, Dong Sining, Chen Qing-Hu, Milošević Milorad V, Wang Huabing, Divan Ralu, Pearson John E, Wu Peiheng, Peeters Francois M, Kwok Wai-Kwong
Research Institute of Superconductor Electronics, School of Electronic Science and Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.
Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL, USA.
Nat Commun. 2021 May 11;12(1):2703. doi: 10.1038/s41467-021-23077-0.
A superconducting diode is an electronic device that conducts supercurrent and exhibits zero resistance primarily for one direction of applied current. Such a dissipationless diode is a desirable unit for constructing electronic circuits with ultralow power consumption. However, realizing a superconducting diode is fundamentally and technologically challenging, as it usually requires a material structure without a centre of inversion, which is scarce among superconducting materials. Here, we demonstrate a superconducting diode achieved in a conventional superconducting film patterned with a conformal array of nanoscale holes, which breaks the spatial inversion symmetry. We showcase the superconducting diode effect through switchable and reversible rectification signals, which can be three orders of magnitude larger than that from a flux-quantum diode. The introduction of conformal potential landscapes for creating a superconducting diode is thereby proven as a convenient, tunable, yet vastly advantageous tool for superconducting electronics. This could be readily applicable to any superconducting materials, including cuprates and iron-based superconductors that have higher transition temperatures and are desirable in device applications.
超导二极管是一种电子器件，它能传导超电流并且主要在施加电流的一个方向上呈现零电阻。这种无耗散二极管是构建超低功耗电子电路的理想元件。然而，实现一个超导二极管在根本上和技术上都具有挑战性，因为它通常需要一种没有反演中心的材料结构，而这种结构在超导材料中很罕见。在此，我们展示了一种在具有纳米级孔的共形阵列图案化的传统超导薄膜中实现的超导二极管，该阵列打破了空间反演对称性。我们通过可切换和可逆的整流信号展示了超导二极管效应，该信号可比磁通量子二极管的信号大三个数量级。由此证明，引入用于创建超导二极管的共形势场是一种方便、可调谐且极具优势的超导电子学工具。这可以很容易地应用于任何超导材料，包括具有较高转变温度且在器件应用中很理想的铜酸盐和铁基超导体。
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