Bessell Erica, Maunder Alison, Lauche Romy, Adams Jon, Sainsbury Amanda, Fuller Nicholas R
The University of Sydney, The Boden Collaboration for Obesity, Nutrition, Exercise & Eating Disorders, Charles Perkins Centre, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
Western Sydney University, NICM Health Research Institute, Penrith, NSW, Australia.
Int J Obes (Lond). 2021 Aug;45(8):1631-1643. doi: 10.1038/s41366-021-00839-w. Epub 2021 May 11.
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: A systematic review with meta-analysis was conducted to synthesise evidence on the efficacy of dietary supplements containing isolated organic compounds for weight loss.
SUBJECTS/METHODS: Four electronic databases (Medline, Embase, Web of Science, Cinahl) were searched until December 2019. Sixty-seven randomised placebo-controlled trials of dietary supplements containing isolated organic compounds for weight loss were included. Meta-analyses were conducted for chitosan, glucomannan, conjugated linoleic acid and fructans, comparing mean weight difference post-intervention between participants receiving the dietary supplement or placebo.
Statistically significant weight differences compared to placebo were observed for chitosan (-1.84 kg; 95% confidence interval [CI] -2.79, -0.88; p < 0.01), glucomannan (-1.27 kg; 95%CI -2.45, -0.09; p = 0.04), and conjugated linoleic acid (-1.08 kg; 95%CI -1.61, -0.55; p < 0.01). None met our threshold for clinical significance (≥2.5 kg). There was no statistically significant effect on weight for fructans compared to placebo (p = 0.24). For dietary supplements with an inadequate number of trials for meta-analysis, a statistically and borderline clinically significant weight difference compared to placebo was found for modified cellulose, manno-oligosaccharides (in males), blood orange juice extract, and three multiple-ingredient dietary supplements. These were only reported in one trial of each. Thus, more evidence is needed before recommending them for weight loss.
While some dietary supplements containing isolated organic compounds warrant further investigation to determine efficacy and safety, there is currently insufficient evidence to recommend any of these dietary supplements for weight loss.
背景/目的：开展一项系统评价及荟萃分析，以综合关于含单一有机化合物的膳食补充剂减肥功效的证据。
对象/方法：检索了四个电子数据库（Medline、Embase、科学网、护理学与健康领域数据库）直至2019年12月。纳入了67项关于含单一有机化合物的膳食补充剂减肥的随机安慰剂对照试验。对壳聚糖、葡甘露聚糖、共轭亚油酸和果聚糖进行了荟萃分析，比较接受膳食补充剂或安慰剂的参与者干预后平均体重差异。
与安慰剂相比，壳聚糖（-1.84千克；95%置信区间[CI] -2.79，-0.88；p＜0.01）、葡甘露聚糖（-1.27千克；95%CI -2.45，-0.09；p = 0.04）和共轭亚油酸（-1.08千克；95%CI -1.61，-0.55；p＜0.01）的体重差异具有统计学意义。均未达到我们的临床意义阈值（≥2.5千克）。与安慰剂相比，果聚糖对体重无统计学显著影响（p = 0.24）。对于试验数量不足无法进行荟萃分析的膳食补充剂，与安慰剂相比，改性纤维素、甘露寡糖（男性）、血橙汁提取物和三种多成分膳食补充剂的体重差异具有统计学意义且在临床上接近显著。这些仅在每项的一项试验中报告。因此，在推荐它们用于减肥之前还需要更多证据。
虽然一些含单一有机化合物的膳食补充剂值得进一步研究以确定其功效和安全性，但目前尚无足够证据推荐这些膳食补充剂中的任何一种用于减肥。
