Significance of Serum Markers and Urinary Microalbumin in the Diagnosis of Early Renal Damage in Patients with Gout.

BACKGROUND

To explore the diagnostic value of changes in serum C-X-C Motif Chemokine Ligand 16 (CXCL16), cystatin C (CysC), cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), and urinary microalbumin (mALB) in patients with gout complicated by early renal damage.

METHODS

A retrospective analysis of 47 patients with gout without complications and 48 patients with gout complicated by early renal damage was conducted in our hospital. A retrospective analysis was performed with 50 healthy people as controls. Serum IL-8, tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β), CXCL16, CysC, COX-2, and urine mALB levels were detected and analyzed, and the diagnostic efficacy of single factor and multifactor combined detection for early renal damage in patients with gout was analyzed and compared.

RESULTS

Serum interleukin-8 (IL-8), TNF-α, IL-1β, CXCL16, CysC, COX-2, and urine mALB/Cr levels of patients with gout were significantly higher than those of healthy people (p < 0.01). Serum IL-8, TNF-α, IL-1β, CXCL16, CysC, COX-2 and urinary mALB/Cr levels in patients with gout complicated by early renal damage were significantly higher than those in patients with gout but without complications (p < 0.01). The sensitivity of CXCL16, CysC, COX-2, and mALB in diagnosing gout patients with early renal damage can reach 91.7%. CXCL16 and COX-2 were positively correlated with CysC and mALB/Cr, respectively, p < 0.01. The area under the ROC curve of CXCL16, CysC, COX-2, and mALB in the diagnosis of gout patients with early renal damage was 0.763, 0.832, 0.518, and 0.895, respectively.

CONCLUSIONS

CysC and mALB are sensitive indicators for the diagnosis of early renal damage. The combined diagnosis of CXCL16 and COX-2 can effectively improve the detection sensitivity of early renal damage in patients with gout.