Evaluation of a self-instructional method for improving doctor-patient communication.

The purpose of the project reported here was to develop and evaluate an educational intervention to improve the interviewing skills learned in medical school. Sixty fourth-year medical students in a required ambulatory care rotation were randomly selected and randomly assigned to one of four conditions. All students interviewed a simulated patient who presented with one of five main complaints, and the interview was videotaped. Students were assigned to a control group or to one of three intervention groups: viewing a self-instruction videotape, viewing and critiquing a videotape of their interview, or both of these activities. The students assigned to the control group did not participate in any educational interventions. At the end of the intervention period, the students again interviewed a simulated patient and were videotaped. The 120 videotaped interviews were reliably rated by a scoring system developed by the project team. The postintervention interviews conducted by students in the two groups that used the self-instruction videotape received significantly higher ratings than those in the control group. These results suggest that this self-instruction intervention can improve the interviewing skills of senior medical students.