Department of Sport Sciences, University of Beira Interior, Covilhã, Portugal.
Department of Sport Sciences, University of Beira Interior, Covilhã, Portugal; Research Center in Sports Sciences, Health Sciences and Human Development, CIDESD, Covilhã, Portugal.
Exp Gerontol. 2021 Aug;151:111391. doi: 10.1016/j.exger.2021.111391. Epub 2021 May 10.
This study analyzed the predictive ability of movement velocity to estimate the relative load (i.e., % of one-repetition maximum [1RM]) during the horizontal leg-press exercise in older women and men. Twenty-four women and fourteen men living in community-dwelling centers volunteered to participate in this study. All participants performed a progressive loading test up to 1RM in the horizontal leg-press. The fastest peak velocity (PV) and mean velocity (MV) attained with each weight were collected for analysis. Linear regression equations were modeled for women and men. We observed very strong linear relationships between both velocity variables and the relative load in the horizontal leg-press in women (PV: r = 0.93 and standard error of the estimate (SEE) = 5.96% 1RM; MV: r = 0.94 and SEE = 5.59% 1RM) and men (PV: r = 0.93 and SEE = 5.96% 1RM; MV: r = 0.94 and SEE = 5.97% 1RM). The actual 1RM and the estimated 1RM using both the PV and MV presented trivial differences and very strong relationships (r = 0.98-0.99) in both sexes. Men presented significantly higher (p < 0.001-0.05) estimated PV and MV against all relative loads compared to women (average PV = 0.81 vs. 0.69 m·s and average MV = 0.44 vs. 0.38 m·s). Our data suggest that movement velocity accurately estimates the relative load during the horizontal leg-press in older women and men. Coaches and researchers can use the proposed sex-specific regression equations in the horizontal leg-press to implement velocity-monitored resistance training with older adults.
本研究分析了运动速度对预测老年女性和男性水平腿推运动中相对负荷（即 1RM 的百分比）的能力。24 名居住在社区中心的女性和 14 名男性自愿参加了这项研究。所有参与者都进行了水平腿推的递增负荷测试，直到达到 1RM。为了分析，收集了每个重量下最快的峰值速度（PV）和平均速度（MV）。为女性和男性建立了线性回归方程。我们观察到女性（PV：r=0.93，估计标准误差（SEE）=5.96% 1RM；MV：r=0.94，SEE=5.59% 1RM）和男性（PV：r=0.93，SEE=5.96% 1RM；MV：r=0.94，SEE=5.97% 1RM）在水平腿推中，这两个速度变量与相对负荷之间存在非常强的线性关系。实际的 1RM 和使用 PV 和 MV 估计的 1RM 在两性中都存在微小差异和非常强的关系（r=0.98-0.99）。与女性相比，男性在所有相对负荷下（平均 PV=0.81 与 0.69 m·s，平均 MV=0.44 与 0.38 m·s），估计的 PV 和 MV 明显更高（p<0.001-0.05）。我们的数据表明，运动速度可以准确估计老年女性和男性在水平腿推中的相对负荷。教练和研究人员可以在水平腿推中使用针对性别特异性的回归方程，为老年人实施速度监测的抗阻训练。
