Department of Chinese Pharmaceutical Sciences and Chinese Medicine Resources, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan.
National Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Taipei 11221, Taiwan.
Phytomedicine. 2021 Jul;87:153576. doi: 10.1016/j.phymed.2021.153576. Epub 2021 Apr 18.
Gastrodiae Rhizoma (Tianma), the dried tuber of Gastrodia elata Bl. (Orchidaceae), is listed as a top-grade herbal medicine in Shen-nong Ben-ts'ao Jing and has been used for treating headaches, dizziness, vertigo and convulsion. It has a neuroprotective effect and extends the lifespan in mouse models of Huntington's disease and Niemann-Pick type C disease. However, its effect on senescence remains unknown.
This study aimed to investigate the anti-aging effects and the underlying mechanism of Gastrodiae Rhizoma.
D-galactose (D-gal)- and BeSO-induced cellular senescence and senescence-associated β-galactosidase (SA-β-gal) activity were evaluated in SH-SY5Y and PC12 cells. D-gal-induced aging mice were used as an in vivo model. Animal behaviors including nesting and burrowing and Morris water maze were conducted. Neurogenesis in the hippocampus was assessed by immunohistochemistry and confocal microscopy, and the aging-related proteins were assessed by Western blot analysis. The potential neuritogenesis activity of the partially purified fraction of Gastrodiae Rhizoma (TM-2) and its major ingredients were investigated in PC12 cells.
TM-2 could improve D-gal-induced learning and memory impairement by inhibiting oxidative stress, increasing hippocampal neurogenesis and regulating the SH2B1-Akt pathway. Moreover, N-(4-hydroxybenzyl)adenine riboside (T1-11) and parishins A and B, three constituents of TM-2, had anti-aging activity, as did T1-11 and parishin A induced neuritogenesis.
Our data suggested that TM-2 slowed down D-gal-induced cellular and mouse brain aging. These results indicate that Gastrodiae Rhizoma has a beneficial effect on senescence. It may be used for neuroprotection and promoting neurogenesis.
天麻（天麻），兰科天麻（天麻）的干块茎，被列为《神农本草经》中的顶级草药，用于治疗头痛、头晕、眩晕和惊厥。它具有神经保护作用，并延长亨廷顿病和尼曼-皮克 C 型病小鼠模型的寿命。然而，其对衰老的影响尚不清楚。
本研究旨在探讨天麻的抗衰老作用及其机制。
采用 D-半乳糖（D-gal）和 BeSO 诱导的 SH-SY5Y 和 PC12 细胞衰老及衰老相关β-半乳糖苷酶（SA-β-gal）活性评价。采用 D-半乳糖诱导的衰老小鼠作为体内模型。进行动物行为学，包括筑巢和挖洞以及 Morris 水迷宫实验。通过免疫组织化学和共聚焦显微镜评估海马神经发生，通过 Western blot 分析评估衰老相关蛋白。研究了天麻部分纯化部分（TM-2）及其主要成分对 PC12 细胞的潜在神经发生活性。
TM-2 通过抑制氧化应激、增加海马神经发生和调节 SH2B1-Akt 通路，改善 D-半乳糖诱导的学习和记忆障碍。此外，TM-2 的三种成分 N-（4-羟基苄基）腺嘌呤核苷（T1-11）、 parishins A 和 B 以及 T1-11 和 parishin A 具有抗衰老活性，诱导神经突生成。
我们的数据表明，TM-2 减缓了 D-半乳糖诱导的细胞和小鼠大脑衰老。这些结果表明天麻对衰老有有益的影响。它可用于神经保护和促进神经发生。
