Geiger Matthias, Koblmüller Stephan, Assandri Giacomo, Chovanec Andreas, Ekrem Torbjørn, Fischer Iris, Galimberti Andrea, Grabowski Michał, Haring Elisabeth, Hausmann Axel, Hendrich Lars, Koch Stefan, Mamos Tomasz, Rothe Udo, Rulik Björn, Rewicz Tomasz, Sittenthaler Marcia, Stur Elisabeth, Tończyk Grzegorz, Zangl Lukas, Moriniere Jerome
Zoologisches Forschungsmuseum Alexander Koenig (ZFMK) - Leibniz Institute for Animal Biodiversity, Bonn, Germany.
Institute of Biology, University of Graz, Graz, Steiermark, Austria.
PeerJ. 2021 May 3;9:e11192. doi: 10.7717/peerj.11192. eCollection 2021.
Dragonflies and damselflies (Odonata) are important components in biomonitoring due to their amphibiotic lifecycle and specific habitat requirements. They are charismatic and popular insects, but can be challenging to identify despite large size and often distinct coloration, especially the immature stages. DNA-based assessment tools rely on validated DNA barcode reference libraries evaluated in a supraregional context to minimize taxonomic incongruence and identification mismatches.
This study reports on findings from the analysis of the most comprehensive DNA barcode dataset for Central European Odonata to date, with 103 out of 145 recorded European species included and publicly deposited in the Barcode of Life Data System (BOLD). The complete dataset includes 697 specimens (548 adults, 108 larvae) from 274 localities in 16 countries with a geographic emphasis on Central Europe. We used BOLD to generate sequence divergence metrics and to examine the taxonomic composition of the DNA barcode clusters within the dataset and in comparison with all data on BOLD.
Over 88% of the species included can be readily identified using their DNA barcodes and the reference dataset provided. Considering the complete European dataset, unambiguous identification is hampered in 12 species due to weak mitochondrial differentiation and partial haplotype sharing. However, considering the known species distributions only two groups of five species possibly co-occur, leading to an unambiguous identification of more than 95% of the analysed Odonata via DNA barcoding in real applications. The cases of small interspecific genetic distances and the observed deep intraspecific variation in (Linnaeus, 1758) are discussed in detail and the corresponding taxa in the public reference database are highlighted. They should be considered in future applications of DNA barcoding and metabarcoding and represent interesting evolutionary biological questions, which call for in depth analyses of the involved taxa throughout their distribution ranges.
蜻蜓和豆娘（蜻蜓目）因其两栖生命周期和特定的栖息地要求，是生物监测的重要组成部分。它们是具有魅力且广受欢迎的昆虫，但尽管体型较大且通常颜色鲜明，尤其是未成熟阶段，识别起来可能具有挑战性。基于DNA的评估工具依赖于在超区域背景下评估的经过验证的DNA条形码参考库，以尽量减少分类不一致和识别错误。
本研究报告了对中欧蜻蜓目迄今为止最全面的DNA条形码数据集的分析结果，记录的145种欧洲物种中有103种被纳入并公开存放在生命条形码数据系统（BOLD）中。完整的数据集包括来自16个国家274个地点的697个标本（548只成虫，108只幼虫），地理重点是中欧。我们使用BOLD生成序列差异指标，并检查数据集中DNA条形码簇的分类组成，并与BOLD上的所有数据进行比较。
使用其DNA条形码和提供的参考数据集，可以轻松识别超过88%的纳入物种。考虑到完整的欧洲数据集，由于线粒体分化较弱和部分单倍型共享，12个物种的明确识别受到阻碍。然而，仅考虑已知的物种分布，只有两组共5个物种可能同时出现，这使得在实际应用中通过DNA条形码对超过95%的分析蜻蜓目进行明确识别。详细讨论了种间遗传距离小的情况以及在（林奈，1758年）中观察到的种内深度变异，并突出了公共参考数据库中的相应分类单元。它们应在未来DNA条形码和元条形码的应用中予以考虑，并代表有趣的进化生物学问题，这需要对所涉分类单元在其分布范围内进行深入分析。
