Department of Genomics, Institute of Plant Genetics of the Polish Academy of Sciences, Strzeszyńska 34, 60-479, Poznań, Poland.
Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Poznan University of Life Sciences, Dojazd 11, 60-632, Poznań, Poland.
J Appl Genet. 2021 Sep;62(3):431-439. doi: 10.1007/s13353-021-00635-2. Epub 2021 May 14.
Triticale (× Triticosecale Wittmack) is a commercial hybrid harboring wheat (Triticum sp.) and rye (Secale cereale L.) genomes. The limited genetic diversity of this crop resulted in the collapse of fungal disease resistance. Leaf rust disease, caused by Puccinia triticina Eriks., is reported to reduce the triticale yield significantly (more than 30%). There is a need to enlarge the genetic variability of this crop including leaf resistance genes. The main aim of this research was to evaluate the leaf rust resistance of the offspring of translocation lines of triticale carrying chromatin of Ae. tauschii and Ae. kotschyi. A reaction of seedlings of 200 plants of two triticale-Aegilops translocation lines (Bogo-2D.2R and Sekundo-2S.2R) was compared after inoculation with a natural mixture of P. triticina races, specific to triticale in controlled condition. Before inoculation, each plant was screened using molecular cytogenetics and molecular markers linked to leaf rust resistance genes. The presence of Aegilops chromosome segments was confirmed using genomic in situ hybridization (GISH). Lr39 and Lr54 leaf rust resistance genes were identified using Xgdm35 and S14 molecular markers, respectively. After inoculation, a significant improvement of resistance severity was observed in Sekundo-2S.2R in comparison with triticale cv. Sekundo plants. The resistance level of Bogo-2D.2R did not differ compared with triticale cv. Bogo plants. It was shown that Lr39 gene did not increase the leaf rust resistance level of triticale cv. Bogo.
小黑麦（×Triticosecale Wittmack）是一种商业杂种，含有小麦（Triticum sp.）和黑麦（Secale cereale L.）的基因组。该作物的遗传多样性有限，导致其对真菌病害的抗性下降。叶锈病由 Puccinia triticina Eriks.引起，据报道，叶锈病会显著降低小黑麦的产量（超过 30%）。因此，需要扩大该作物的遗传变异性，包括叶抗性基因。本研究的主要目的是评估携带 Ae. tauschii 和 Ae. kotschyi 染色质的小黑麦易位系后代的叶锈病抗性。在控制条件下，用天然混合的 P. triticina 菌株接种 200 株小黑麦-黑麦易位系（Bogo-2D.2R 和 Sekundo-2S.2R）幼苗后，比较它们的反应。接种前，使用分子细胞遗传学和与叶锈病抗性基因连锁的分子标记对每株植物进行筛选。使用基因组原位杂交（GISH）确认 Aegilops 染色体片段的存在。使用 Xgdm35 和 S14 分子标记分别鉴定 Lr39 和 Lr54 叶锈病抗性基因。接种后，Sekundo-2S.2R 的抗性严重程度明显优于 Sekundo 对照小黑麦品种。Bogo-2D.2R 的抗性水平与 Bogo 对照小黑麦品种无显著差异。结果表明，Lr39 基因并未提高 Bogo 对照小黑麦品种的叶锈病抗性水平。
