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节节麦-黑麦易位系：染色体分类、花粉活力和真菌抗病基因的鉴定。

Aegilops-Secale amphiploids: chromosome categorisation, pollen viability and identification of fungal disease resistance genes.

机构信息

Laboratory of Distant Crosses, Institute of Plant Genetics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Strzeszyńska 34, Poznań, Poland.

出版信息

J Appl Genet. 2012 Feb;53(1):37-40. doi: 10.1007/s13353-011-0071-z. Epub 2011 Oct 15.

DOI:10.1007/s13353-011-0071-z
PMID:22002121
原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC3265734/
Abstract

The aim of this study was to assess the potential breeding value of goatgrass-rye amphiploids, which we are using as a "bridge" in a transfer of Aegilops chromatin (containing, e.g. leaf rust resistance genes) into triticale. We analysed the chromosomal constitution (by genomic in situ hybridisation, GISH), fertility (by pollen viability tests) and the presence of leaf rust and eyespot resistance genes (by molecular and endopeptidase assays) in a collection of 6× and 4× amphiploids originating from crosses between five Aegilops species and Secale cereale. In the five hexaploid amphiploids Aegilops kotschyi × Secale cereale (genome UUSSRR), Ae. variabilis × S. cereale (UUSSRR), Ae. biuncialis × S. cereale (UUMMRR; two lines) and Ae. ovata × S. cereale (UUMMRR), 28 Aegilops chromosomes were recognised, while in the Ae. tauschii × S. cereale amphiploid (4×; DDRR), only 14 such chromosomes were identified. In the materials, the number of rye chromosomes varied from 14 to 16. In one line of Ae. ovata × S. cereale, the U-R translocation was found. Pollen viability varied from 24.4 to 75.4%. The leaf rust resistance genes Lr22, Lr39 and Lr41 were identified in Ae. tauschii and the 4× amphiploid Ae. tauschii × S. cereale. For the first time, the leaf rust resistance gene Lr37 was found in Ae. kotschyi, Ae. ovata, Ae. biuncialis and amphiploids derived from those parental species. No eyespot resistance gene Pch1 was found in the amphiploids.

摘要

本研究旨在评估山羊草-黑麦异源多倍体的潜在育性价值，我们将其作为将 Aegilops 染色质（例如包含叶锈病抗性基因）转移到黑小麦中的“桥梁”。我们通过基因组原位杂交（GISH）分析了染色体组成，通过花粉活力测试分析了育性，并通过分子和内肽酶分析检测了叶锈病和斑点病抗性基因的存在，这些分析是在源自五个 Aegilops 物种和黑麦之间的杂交的 6x 和 4x 异源多倍体群体中进行的。在五个六倍体异源多倍体中，Aegilops kotschyi × Secale cereale（基因组 UUSSRR）、Ae. variabilis × S. cereale（UUSSRR）、Ae. biuncialis × S. cereale（UUMMRR；两条线）和 Ae. ovata × S. cereale（UUMMRR）中，识别出 28 条 Aegilops 染色体，而在 Ae. tauschii × S. cereale 异源多倍体（4x；DDRR）中，仅鉴定出 14 条这样的染色体。在材料中，黑麦染色体的数量从 14 到 16 不等。在 Ae. ovata × S. cereale 的一条线中，发现了 U-R 易位。花粉活力从 24.4%到 75.4%不等。在 Ae. tauschii 和 4x 异源多倍体 Ae. tauschii × S. cereale 中鉴定出了叶锈病抗性基因 Lr22、Lr39 和 Lr41。首次在 Ae. kotschyi、Ae. ovata、Ae. biuncialis 和源自这些亲本物种的异源多倍体中发现了叶锈病抗性基因 Lr37。在异源多倍体中未发现斑点病抗性基因 Pch1。

https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/6538/3265734/1db9a2938362/13353_2011_71_Fig2_HTML.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/6538/3265734/9c3ff1442725/13353_2011_71_Fig1_HTML.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/6538/3265734/1db9a2938362/13353_2011_71_Fig2_HTML.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/6538/3265734/9c3ff1442725/13353_2011_71_Fig1_HTML.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/6538/3265734/1db9a2938362/13353_2011_71_Fig2_HTML.jpg

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