Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Tianjin Stomatological Hospital, School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China.
Tianjin Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Function Reconstruction, Tianjin, China.
J Cell Physiol. 2021 Nov;236(11):7874-7886. doi: 10.1002/jcp.30414. Epub 2021 May 16.
Bone is a metabolically active organ that undergoes constant remodeling throughout life. A failure of this process leads to pathological destructive bone diseases such as osteoporosis, rheumatoid arthritis, and osteoarthritis. Studies of the interplay between adipose tissue and bone system, have revealed that adipose tissue disorders (e.g. obesity) strongly influence the development of bone diseases. Adipokines secreted by adipose tissue play important roles in the crosstalk between bone and adipose tissue. Recently, extracellular vesicles (EVs) have been identified as a novel method of communication between different organs and have attracted increased attention in the field of bone remodeling process. Adipokines carried by EVs are known to play pivotal roles in bone remodeling processes including osteogenesis and osteoclastogenesis. In this review, we highlighted the role of adipose tissue derived EVs (EVs-AT) in the context of bone remodeling events and focused on the characteristics of EVs-AT and their components in the regulation of bone diseases. Moreover, we introduced the intriguing therapeutic application of EVs-AT in different pathological destructive bone diseases and proposed future directions for research on EVs-AT in bone diseases.
骨骼是一种代谢活跃的器官，在整个生命周期中不断进行重塑。如果这一过程出现故障，就会导致骨质疏松症、类风湿性关节炎和骨关节炎等病理性破坏性骨病。对脂肪组织和骨骼系统相互作用的研究表明，脂肪组织紊乱（如肥胖）强烈影响骨骼疾病的发展。脂肪组织分泌的脂肪因子在骨骼和脂肪组织之间的交流中发挥着重要作用。最近，细胞外囊泡 (EVs) 已被确定为不同器官之间进行通讯的一种新方法，在骨骼重塑过程领域引起了越来越多的关注。携带脂肪因子的 EVs 已知在骨骼重塑过程中发挥关键作用，包括成骨作用和破骨细胞生成作用。在本综述中，我们强调了脂肪组织衍生的 EVs (EVs-AT) 在骨骼重塑事件中的作用，并重点介绍了 EVs-AT 的特征及其在骨骼疾病调节中的组成部分。此外，我们还介绍了 EVs-AT 在不同病理性破坏性骨病中的诱人治疗应用，并提出了 EVs-AT 在骨骼疾病研究中的未来方向。
