Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Influenza Division, Atlanta, GA, USA.
Texas A&M University College of Medicine, Temple, TX, USA; Baylor Scott & White Health, Temple, TX, USA.
Vaccine. 2021 Jun 8;39(25):3324-3328. doi: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2021.05.004. Epub 2021 May 13.
Mid-season influenza vaccine effectiveness (VE) estimates are a useful tool to help guide annual influenza vaccine strain selection, vaccine policy, and public health messaging. We propose using a sample size-driven approach with data-driven inputs for publication of mid-season influenza VE.
We used pooled inputs for VE by (sub)type and average vaccine coverage by age groups using data from eight seasons of the US Influenza VE Network to calculate sample sizes needed to estimate mid-season VE.
We estimate that 135 influenza-positive cases would be needed to detect an overall VE of 40% with 55% vaccine coverage among test-negative controls. Larger sample sizes would be required to produce reliable estimates specifically against influenza A/H3N2 and for older age groups.
Using an existing network, most of the recent influenza seasons in the US would facilitate valid mid-season VE estimates using the proposed sample sizes for broad age groupings.
季节性中期流感疫苗有效性（VE）估计是帮助指导年度流感疫苗株选择、疫苗政策和公共卫生信息传递的有用工具。我们建议使用样本量驱动的方法，并结合数据驱动的输入，以发布季节性中期流感 VE。
我们使用来自美国流感 VE 网络八个季节的数据，汇总了（亚）型 VE 和按年龄组平均疫苗覆盖率的输入，以计算估计季节性中期 VE 所需的样本量。
我们估计，在 55%的疫苗接种率下，需要 135 例流感阳性病例才能检测到总体 VE 为 40%。对于甲型 H3N2 和年龄较大的人群，需要更大的样本量才能得出可靠的估计。
使用现有的网络，美国最近的大多数流感季节都可以使用建议的样本量来进行广泛的年龄分组，从而得出有效的季节性中期 VE 估计。
