Knott Samantha, Curry Dylan, Zhao Neil, Metgud Pallavi, Dastgheyb Sana S, Purtill Caroline, Harwood Marc, Chen Antonia F, Schaer Thomas P, Otto Michael, Hickok Noreen J
Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Sidney Kimmel Medical College of Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, United States.
Rothman Orthopaedic Institute, Philadelphia, PA, United States.
Front Microbiol. 2021 Apr 29;12:655873. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.655873. eCollection 2021.
Biofilms are typically studied in bacterial media that allow the study of important properties such as bacterial growth. However, the results obtained in such media cannot take into account the bacterial localization/clustering caused by bacteria-protein interactions and the accompanying alterations in phenotype, virulence factor production, and ultimately antibiotic tolerance. We and others have reported that methicillin-resistant or methicillin-susceptible (MRSA or MSSA, respectively) and other pathogens assemble a proteinaceous matrix in synovial fluid. This proteinaceous bacterial aggregate is coated by a polysaccharide matrix as is characteristic of biofilms. In this study, we identify proteins important for this aggregation and determine the concentration ranges of these proteins that can reproduce bacterial aggregation. We then test this protein combination for its ability to cause marked aggregation, antibacterial tolerance, preservation of morphology, and expression of the phenol-soluble modulin (PSM) virulence factors. In the process, we create a viscous fluid that models bacterial behavior in synovial fluid. We suggest that our findings and, by extension, use of this fluid can help to better model bacterial behavior of new antimicrobial therapies, as well as serve as a starting point to study host protein-bacteria interactions characteristic of physiological fluids.
生物膜通常在细菌培养基中进行研究,这种培养基有助于研究诸如细菌生长等重要特性。然而,在此类培养基中获得的结果无法考虑到由细菌 - 蛋白质相互作用导致的细菌定位/聚集以及随之而来的表型、毒力因子产生的变化,最终还有抗生素耐受性的变化。我们和其他人已经报道,耐甲氧西林或甲氧西林敏感(分别为MRSA或MSSA)以及其他病原体在滑液中组装一种蛋白质基质。这种蛋白质性细菌聚集体被多糖基质包裹,这是生物膜的特征。在本研究中,我们确定了对这种聚集重要的蛋白质,并确定了这些能够重现细菌聚集的蛋白质的浓度范围。然后,我们测试这种蛋白质组合导致显著聚集、抗菌耐受性、形态保持以及酚溶性调节素(PSM)毒力因子表达的能力。在此过程中,我们创建了一种模拟滑液中细菌行为的粘性流体。我们认为我们的发现以及这种流体的应用有助于更好地模拟新型抗菌疗法的细菌行为,也可作为研究生理流体中宿主蛋白质 - 细菌相互作用特性的起点。
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